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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2018-1-191-198</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-1129</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль молекулярных компонентов депо-зависимого тока Ca2+ – белков  Stim  и  Orai – в лимфоцитах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of proteins Stim and Orai  as molecular components  of the store-dependent current Ca2+ in lymphocytes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лычковская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lychkovskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лычковская Елена Викторовна, ст. преподаватель, кафедра биохимии  с курсами медицинской, фармацевтической и токсикологической химии.</p><p>660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lychkovskaya Elena V., Senior Lecturer, Department of Biological Chemistry with the Course of Medical, Pharmaceutical &amp; Toxicological Chemistry.</p><p>1, Partizn Zheleznyak Str., Krasnoyarsk, 660022.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lychk-elena@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шуваев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shuvaev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шуваев Антон Николаевич, канд. мед. наук, науч. сотрудник, НИИ молекулярной медицины и патобиохимии.</p><p>660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shuvaev Anton N., PhD, Researcher, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry.</p><p>1, Partizn Zheleznyak Str., Krasnoyarsk, 660022.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герцог</surname><given-names>Г. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gercog</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Герцог Галина Евгеньевна, канд. биол. наук, доцент, кафедра биохимии  с курсами медицинской, фармацевтической и токсикологической химии</p><p>660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gerсog Galina E.,  PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Biological Chemistry with the Course of Medical, Pharmaceutical &amp; Toxicological Chemistry.</p><p>1, Partizn Zheleznyak Str., Krasnoyarsk, 660022.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Труфанова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trufanova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Труфанова Людмила Васильевна, канд. биол. наук, доцент, кафедра биохимии  с курсами медицинской, фармацевтической и токсикологической химии.</p><p>660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Trufanova Ludmila V., PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Biological Chemistry with the Course of Medical, Pharmaceutical &amp; Toxicological Chemistry.</p><p>1, Partizn Zheleznyak Str., Krasnoyarsk, 660022.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шадрина</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shadrina</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шадрина Людмила Борисовна, ассистент, кафедра биохимии  с курсами медицинской, фармацевтической и токсикологической химии.</p><p>660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shadrina Ludmila B., Аssistant.</p><p>1, Partizn Zheleznyak Str., Krasnoyarsk, 660022.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенчуков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenchukov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенчуков Алексей Алексеевич, ст. преподаватель, кафедра биохимии  с курсами медицинской, фармацевтической и токсикологической химии.</p><p>660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Semenchukov Aleksey A., Senior Lecturer, Department of Biological Chemistry with the Course of Medical, Pharmaceutical &amp; Toxicological Chemistry.</p><p>1, Partizn Zheleznyak Str., Krasnoyarsk, 660022.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салмина</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salmina</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салмина Алла Борисовна, д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой биохимии с курсами медицинской, фармацевтической и токсикологической химии, руководитель НИИ молекулярной медицины и патобиохимии.</p><p>660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salmina Alla B., DM, Professor, Head of the Department of Biological Chemistry with the Course of Medical Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry.</p><p>1, Partizn Zheleznyak Str., Krasnoyarsk, 660022.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Красноярский государственный медицинский университет (КГМУ) имени проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого .</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnoyarsk State Medical University (KSMU) named after Professor V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>191</fpage><lpage>198</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лычковская Е.В., Шуваев А.Н., Герцог Г.Е., Труфанова Л.В., Шадрина Л.Б., Семенчуков А.А., Салмина А.Б., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лычковская Е.В., Шуваев А.Н., Герцог Г.Е., Труфанова Л.В., Шадрина Л.Б., Семенчуков А.А., Салмина А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lychkovskaya E.V., Shuvaev A.N., Gercog G.E., Trufanova L.V., Shadrina L.B., Semenchukov A.A., Salmina A.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/1129">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/1129</self-uri><abstract><p>В процессе эволюционного развития эукариот сформировался высокоорганизованный механизм поддержания и регуляции гомеостаза внутриклеточного кальция, который является одним из наиболее важных элементов клеточной сигнализации на всех ветвях филогенетического древа. Внутриклеточный кальций контролирует множество физиологических процессов в клетке, формируя сигналы в виде их пространственно-временного распределения, при этом сила сигнала определяет  частоту и амплитуду колебаний уровня кальция, поэтому вызывает кратковременные или долговременные ответы клеток.  Главным образом кальциевые сигналы в лимфоцитах опосредуют инициацию программы экспрессии генов, которая приводит к пролиферации, дифференциации, продукции провоспалительных цитокинов, также активируют формирование инфламмасом. Вследствие этого кальциевые сигналы опосредуют развитие инфекционного иммунитета, воспалительных ответов, аутоиммунные реакции лимфоцитов. В основе сигнальных событий лимфоцитов лежит механизм депо-зависимого тока Ca2+. Это центральный путь распространения кальциевых сигналов в клетках в ответ на высвобождение ионов из депо – эндоплазматического ретикулума – и последующей активации кальций-селективных каналов в плазматической мембране. Данный механизм обеспечивается согласованной работой белков (stromal interaction molecule) Stim и Orai.  Белок Stim представляет собой трансмембранный мономер, который локализуется в мембране эндоплазматического ретикулума. Эта молекула является  сенсором Ca2+ , в ответ на опустошение депо активирует кальций-селективные каналы плазматической мембраны. Данные каналы экспрессируют  белки Orai, которые представляют собой тетрамеры. Они формируют пору внутри канала, которая действует в качестве сайта, связывающего Ca2+. Белки Orai активируются тогда,  когда с ними  связываются белки, сигнализируя о том, что депо истощено. Таким образом, взаимосвязь и координация белков Stim и Orai обеспечивает депо-зависимый ток Ca2+ и вызывает функциональные ответы клетки. Повышение уровня Ca2+  индуцирует активацию  факторов транскрипции, таких как NFAT, JNK1, MEF2, CREB, и в большинстве случаев  является  решающим фактором развития клеток или гибели. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрен механизм  депо-зависимого тока Ca2+  в лимфоцитах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the process of evolution of eukaryotes has formatted a highly organized mechanism for maintaining and regulating intracellular calcium homeostasis, which is one of the most important components of cell signaling in all branches of the phylogenetic tree. Intracellular calcium controls numerous physiological processes in the cell. Ca2+ forms signals as their spatial-temporal distribution. The frequency and amplitude of calcium oscillations depends on the signal strength. Calcium signals causing long-term or short-term responses of cells. Mainly, calcium signals in lymphocytes mediate gene expression program initiation that leads to proliferation, differentiation and production of proinflammatory cytokines also activate formation of inflammasome. Therefore, calcium signals mediate immune, and inflammatory response, autoimmune reaction of lymphocytes. The main mechanism of calcium signaling in lymphocytes is store-dependent Ca2+ current. Mobilization of cellular Ca2+ in response to receptor stimulation commonly occurs through release of Ca2+ ions from intracellular Ca2+ stores or influx across the plasma membrane through calcium - selective channels. Calciumselective channels are assembled from two protein families: the Orai proteins which form the ion channel pore, and the stromal interaction molecule (STIM) proteins which function as endoplasmic reticulum calcium sensors and activators of the channel. Stim protein is a transmembrane monomer which is localized at the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. This molecule is a sensor Ca2+ in response to emptying store activates calciumselective channels the plasma membrane. These channels express proteins Orai which are tetramers forming inside the channel pore and act as a site Ca2+. Orai binds to Stim. Orai proteins are activated after receiving information from Stim about Store depletion. Thus, the relationship and coordination of Stim and Orai proteins provides store - dependent Ca2+ current and causes cellular functional responses. Increased Ca2+ levels induce the activation of transcription factors such as NFAT, JNK1, MEF2, CREB, and, in most cases, is a crucial factor in the all differentiation or death. In this review, the mechanism of the store-dependent Ca2+ current in lymphocytes is presented.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внутриклеточный Ca2+</kwd><kwd>лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>депо-зависимый ток Ca2+</kwd><kwd>белки Stim и Orai</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intracellular Ca2+</kwd><kwd>store-dependent Ca2+</kwd><kwd>the proteins Orai and Stim</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fracchia K., Pai C., Walsh G. 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