ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2015-1-110-119ssmu-147Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESМАГНИТНО-РЕЗОНАНСНАЯ ТОМОГРАФИЯ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ ЮВЕНИЛЬНОГО ИДИОПАТИЧЕСКОГО АРТРИТАMAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITISТраудтА. К.TraudtA. K.

Траудт Алина Константиновна, аспирант кафедры лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии

alina.traudt@yandex.ruЗавадовскаяВ. Д.ZavadovskayaV. D.

Завадовская Вера Дмитриевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии

alina.traudt@yandex.ruЖогинаТ. В.ZhoginaT. V.

Жогина Татьяна Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии СибГМУ, врач-рентгенолог клиник СибГМУ

alina.traudt@yandex.ruФёдороваЕ. И.FedorovaYe. I.

Фёдорова Екатерина Игоревна, врач-рентгенолог клиник СибГМУ

alina.traudt@yandex.ruСибирский государственный медицинский университет, ТомскРоссияSiberian State Medical University, TomskRussian Federation201528022015141110119Copyright © Траудт А.К., Завадовская В.Д., Жогина Т.В., Фёдорова Е.И., 20152015Траудт А.К., Завадовская В.Д., Жогина Т.В., Фёдорова Е.И.Traudt A.K., Zavadovskaya V.D., Zhogina T.V., Fedorova Y.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/147

Ювенильный идиопатический артрит (ЮИА) относится к группе социально-значимых заболеваний детского возраста в силу высокой распространенности, хронического характера, а также ранней инвалидизации. ЮИА представляет собой совокупность болезней, которые имеют различное начало, течение и исход, а также различную этиологию, что подчеркивает трудности диагностики процесса у детей. Заболевание носит прогрессирующий характер, приводит к утрате функции опорно-двигательного аппарата, тяжелой инвалидизации в раннем возрасте и, следовательно, нуждается в ранней диагностике и назначении адекватной терапии.Значительная роль в выявлении патологии костно-суставной системы принадлежит лучевым методам исследования, а рутинная рентгенография продолжает оставаться наиболее широко используемой методикой, включенной в классификационные критерии большинства ревматологических заболеваний. Однако общеизвестно, что вторичным структурным изменениям в костях предшествует рентгенонегативный период, в связи с чем рентгенографию нельзя рассматривать в качестве метода ранней диагностики при суставном синдроме. Магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ) обладает бόльшими возможностями в оценке состояния суставов, так как помимо визуализации костной ткани позволяет количественно и качественно оценить изменения синовиальной оболочки, суставного хряща, а также наличие и степень выраженности воспалительных изменений в периартикулярных мягких тканях и в костной ткани. Данные, полученные при МРТ, могут быть использованы для диагностики, прогнозирования и мониторинга ответа на проводимую терапию, в том числе на ранней стадии заболевания. Тем не менее, несмотря на очевидные возможности МРТ, данная методика недостаточно широко применяется, в том числе и из-за отсутствия четких диагностических критериев заболевания, отсутствия централизованных валидированных исследований, стандартизованных протоколов проведения МРТ-исследований детей с суставным синдромом. Таким образом, является обоснованным проведение исследований, направленных на решение ряда клинико-диагностических аспектов при ЮИА, в частности разработку балльной системы оценки тяжести и прогрессирования заболевания.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are a group of socially significant diseases of childhood because of the high prevalence of a chronic nature, as well as a large percentage of early disability. JIA is a collection of diseases that have different start, course and outcome, as well as various etiologies, which emphasizes the difficulties in the diagnosis process in children. When this disease is progressive in nature, leads to loss of function of the musculoskeletal system, severe disability at an early age and, therefore, needs early diagnosis and adequate therapy appointment.Significant role in identifying pathology osteoarticular system belongs radiological methods and routine radiography remains the most widely used technique included in the classification criteria of the majority of rheumatic diseases. However, it is well known that secondary structural changes in the bones precedes roentgen period, and therefore the X-rays can not be regarded as a method of early diagnosis with articular syndrome. Widely introduced in recent years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has more say in the assessment of capabilities of the joints, as in addition to assessment of bone allows quantitatively and qualitatively assess changes in the synovial membrane, articular cartilage, the presence and severity of inflammatory changes in the periarticular soft tissue and bone tissue. The data obtained using MRI may be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring response to treatment, including early stage disease.Nevertheless, despite the obvious opportunities MRI, this technique is not widely used, including the lack of clear diagnostic criteria for the disease, the lack of centralized research validated, standardized protocols for conducting MRI studies of children with articular syndrome. Thus, research is warranted to address a number of clinical and diagnostic aspects in JIA, in particular the development of the scoring system assessing the severity and progression of the disease.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.