ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2019-1-142-154ssmu-2178Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESМакрофаги при бактериальных болезнях легких: фенотип и функции (обзор)Macrophages in bacterial lung diseases: phenotype and functions (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8509-9921ЧуринаЕ. Г.ChurinaE. G.

Чурина Елена Георгиевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, кафедра патофизиологии, СибГМУ; профессор, кафедра органической химии; ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория трансляционной клеточной и молекулярной биомедицины, НИ ТГУ

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2,  

634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 36

Churina Elena G., DM, Professor, Pathophysiology Division, SSMU; Professor, Organic Chemistry Department, NR TSU

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634055, 

Lena1236@yandex.ruСитниковаА. В.SitnikovaA. V.

Ситникова Анжелика Владимировна, аспирант, кафедра патофизиологии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2 

Sitnikova Anzhelika V., Post-graduate Student, Pathophysiology Division

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634055

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-8879УразоваО. И.UrazovaO. I.

Уразова Ольга Ивановна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, заведующая кафедрой патофизиологии, СибГМУ; профессор, кафедра комплексной информационной безопасности электронно-вычислительных систем, ТУСУР

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2,  

634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 40

Urazova Olga I., DM, Professor, Corresponding Member of RAS, Head of the Pathophysiology Division, SSMU; Professor, Department of Complex Information Security of Computer Systems, TUSUR

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634055, 40, Lenin Av., Tomsk, 634050

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3468-6154ЧумаковаС. П.ChumakovaS. P.

Чумакова Светлана Петровна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, кафедра патофизиологии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2 

Chumakova Svetlana P., DM, Professor, Pathophysiology Division

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634055

ВинсМ. В.VinsM. V.

Винс Мария Васильевна, аспирант, ассистент, кафедра патофизиологии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2 

Vins Maria V., Post-graduate Student, Assistant, Pathophysiology Division

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634055

БересневаА. Е.BeresnevaA. E.

Береснева Алина Евгеньевна, студент, медико-биологический факультет

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2 

Beresneva Alina E., Student, Мedical and Вiological Department

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634055

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9577-8370НовицкийВ. В.NovitskiiV. V.

Новицкий Вячеслав Викторович, доктор медицинских наук наук, профессор, академик РАН, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, кафедра патофизиологии, СибГМУ; профессор, кафедра комплексной информационной безопасности электронно-вычислительных систем, ТУСУР

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2,  

634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 40

Novitskii Vyacheslav V., DM, Professor, Academician of RAS, Honored Scientist of Russia, Professor of the Pathophysiology Division, SSMU; Professor, Department of Complex Information Security of Computer Systems, TUSUR

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634055, 40, Lenin Av., Tomsk, 634050

Сибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ); Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет (НИ ТГУ)РоссияSiberian State Medical University (SSMU); National Research Tomsk State University (NR TSU)Russian FederationСибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ)РоссияSiberian State Medical University (SSMU)Russian FederationСибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ); Томский государственный университет систем управления и радиоэлектроники (ТУСУР)РоссияSiberian State Medical University (SSMU); Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR)Russian Federation201916052019181142154Copyright © Чурина Е.Г., Ситникова А.В., Уразова О.И., Чумакова С.П., Винс М.В., Береснева А.Е., Новицкий В.В., 20192019Чурина Е.Г., Ситникова А.В., Уразова О.И., Чумакова С.П., Винс М.В., Береснева А.Е., Новицкий В.В.Churina E.G., Sitnikova A.V., Urazova O.I., Chumakova S.P., Vins M.V., Beresneva A.E., Novitskii V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2178

Обзор литературы посвящен анализу роли макрофагов в иммунопатогенезе инфекционных заболеваний легких бактериальной этиологии. В статье обобщены сведения о происхождении макрофагов, их фенотипической и функциональной гетерогенности. Механизмы нарушений защитной функции врожденного иммунитета связаны с поляризацией программы созревания и активации макрофагов в направлении толерогенных или иммунорегуляторных клеток с фенотипом М2. Альвеолярные макрофаги выполняют разнообразные функции (от провоспалительной до регенераторной) при развитии воспаления в органах дыхания. Присущая им пластичность свидетельствует, что одни и те же макрофаги могут изменять свой фенотип и функции в зависимости от микроокружения в очаге воспаления на разных стадиях заболевания. Понимание механизмов, которые регулируют пластичность макрофагов, станет важным шагом на пути реализации потенциала персонифицированной иммуномодулирующей терапии.

This literature review is devoted to the analysis of the role of macrophages in the immunopathogenesis of infectious lung diseases of bacterial etiology. The article summarizes information about the origin of macrophages, their phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. The mechanisms of impaired protective function of innate immunity are associated with the polarization of the program of maturation and activation of macrophages in the direction to tolerogenic or immunoregulatory cells with phenotype of M2. Alveolar macrophages perform a variety of functions (from pro-inflammatory to regenerative) in the development of inflammation in the respiratory organs. Their inherent plasticity suggests that the same macrophages can change their phenotype and function depending on the microenvironment in the inflammatory focus at different stages of the disease. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate macrophage plasticity will be an important step towards realizing the potential of personalized immunomodulatory therapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.