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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2019-1-201-210</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-2184</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль эпителиальных клеток в патогенезе атопии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of epithelial cells in atopy pathogenesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3079-4089</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казимирский</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazimirsky</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казимирский Александр Николаевич, доктор биологических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел молекулярных технологий</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazimirsky Alexander N., Associate Professor, DBSc, Leading Researcher, Department of Molecular Technologies</p><p>1, Ocrovityuninоv Str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alnica10@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8524-0019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салмаси</surname><given-names>Ж. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salmasi</surname><given-names>J. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салмаси Жан Мустафаевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой патофизиологии и клинической патофизиологии</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salmasi Jean M., DM, Professor, Head of the Department of Pathophysiology and Clinical Pathophysiology</p><p>1, Ocrovityuninоv Str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-3296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Порядин</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poryadin</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Порядин Геннадий Васильевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, кафедра патофизиологии и клинической патофизиологии</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Poryadin Gennady V., DM, Professor, Сorresponding Мember of Russian Academy Science, Department of Pathophysiology and Clinical Pathophysiology</p><p>1, Ocrovityuninоv Str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1757-8389</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свитич</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svitich</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свитич Оксана Анатольевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, кафедра иммунологии, РНИМУ имени Н.И. Пирогова</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svitich Oksana A., DM, Professor, Сorresponding Мember of Russian Academy Science, Department of Immunology</p><p>1, Ocrovityuninоv Str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0870-6000</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брагвадзе</surname><given-names>Б. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bragvadze</surname><given-names>B. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Брагвадзе Белла Гелаевна, ассистент, кафедра иммунологии</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bragvadze Bella G., Assistant, Department of Immunology</p><p>1, Ocrovityuninоv Str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеева Анна Александровна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением восстановительного лечения детей с аллергическими болезнями и заболеваниями органов дыхания</p><p>117997, г. Москва, Ломоносовский пр., 2/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alekseeva Anna A., PhD, Head of the Department of Rehabilitation Treatment of Children with Allergic and Respiratory Diseases</p><p>2/1, Lomonosovskiy Av., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-3078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ганковская</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gankovskaya</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ганковская Людмила Викторовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой иммунологии</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gankovskaya Lyudmila V., DM, Professor, Head of the Department of Immunology</p><p>1, Ocrovityuninоv Str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет (РГИМУ) имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный научно-практический центр здоровья детей (ННПЦЗД)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Scientific and Practical Center of Children’s Health (NSPCCH)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>201</fpage><lpage>210</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казимирский А.Н., Салмаси Ж.М., Порядин Г.В., Свитич О.А., Брагвадзе Б.Г., Алексеева А.А., Ганковская Л.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казимирский А.Н., Салмаси Ж.М., Порядин Г.В., Свитич О.А., Брагвадзе Б.Г., Алексеева А.А., Ганковская Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazimirsky A.N., Salmasi J.M., Poryadin G.V., Svitich O.A., Bragvadze B.G., Alekseeva A.A., Gankovskaya L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2184">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2184</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследование механизмов развития атопии и построение модели иммунопатогенеза атопических заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Определение поверхностных рецепторов лимфоцитов периферической крови у больных атопической бронхиальной астмой и атопическим дерматитом с помощью моноклональных антител методом непрямой иммунофлуоресценции. Также у больных атопической бронхиальной астмой с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени оценивали экспрессию генов, кодирующих toll-подобные рецепторы (TLRs) TLR2, TLR4 и TLR9 клетками воздухоносного эпителия, а методом иммуноферментного анализа определяли содержание цитокинов TSLP, IL-33, IL-4 и TGFβ (eBioscience) в смывах с воздухоносных путей.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При обострении атопических заболеваний в лимфоцитах периферической крови развивается интенсивный активационный процесс с нарушением активационного апоптоза лимфоцитов, направленный на образование плазматических клеток, способных развивать интенсивный синтез IgE. Для поиска сигналов, которые могли бы объяснить механизм перестройки В-клеточного звена иммунной системы при атопии, исследовали клетки эпителия воздухоносных путей у группы больных атопической бронхиальной астмой и обнаружили увеличение экспрессии генов, кодирующих TLR2, TLR4, TLR9 в 6,3 и 2,5 раза соответственно. Вместе с повышенной экспрессией генов TLRs у больных с бронхиальной астмой выявлено повышенное содержание цитокинов TSLP и IL-33, секретируемых эпителиальными клетками воздухоносных путей. Эти цитокины обладают иммунорегуляторным действием – активируют антигенпрезентирующие функции, формируют Th2-тип иммунного ответа, способствуют выработке цитокинов (IL-4, IL-9, IL-13) и обусловливают развитие аллергического типа воспаления.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Мы предполагаем, что основным звеном патогенеза атопических заболеваний является нарушение взаимодействия TLRs с соответствующими лигандами, вызванное спонтанной димеризацией TLRs под влиянием малонового диальдегида. Поступление медленно метаболизирующихся димеров TLRs в клетки эпителия является сигналом для активации генома, что ведет к синтезу аллергических цитокинов IL-33 и TSLP. Таким образом, главный путь иммунопатогенеза атопических заболеваний представляет патологическое функциональное взаимодействие эпителиальных клеток и В-лимфоцитов периферической крови.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The study of the mechanisms of atopic disease formation and a model of immunopathogenesis of the atopic diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Determination of surface lymphocytes receptors in peripheral blood of atopic bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis patients with the help of monoclonal antibodies using the indirect immunofluorescence method. Expression of genes encoding TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 receptors of airborne epithelial cells by real-time polymerase chain reaction, as well as determination of cytokine TSLP, IL-33, IL-4 and TGFβ (eBioscience) in airway flushes in atopic asthma patients and healthy people.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During the exacerbation of atopic diseases in peripheral blood lymphocytes, an intensive activation process develops with impaired lymphocytes activating apoptosis aimed at the formation of plasma cells capable of developing intensive IgE synthesis. To search for signals that could explain the mechanism of rearrangement of the B-cell part of the immune system during atopy, the epithelium cells of the airways were examined in a group of patients with atopic asthma and found an increase in gene expression coding for TLR2, TLR4, TLR9 in 6, 3 and 2.5 times respectively. Along with increased expression of TLRs genes in patients with bronchial asthma, an increased content of TSLP and IL-33 cytokines secreted by epithelial cells of the airways was detected. These cytokines have an immunoregulatory action - their nearby antigen presenting functions format the Th2 type of immune response, promote the production of cytokines (IL-4, IL-9, IL-13) and cause the development of an allergic type of inflammation.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. We suppose that the main link in pathogenesis is a disruption of the interaction of TLRs with the corresponding ligands caused by spontaneous dimerization of TLRs under the malonic dialdehyde influence. The intake of slowly metabolized dimers of TLRs into epithelial cells is a signal for genome activation, which leads to the synthesis of allergic cytokines IL-33 and TSLP. Thus, the main immunopathogenesis pathway of atopic diseases is the pathological functional interaction between epithelial cells and peripheral blood B-lymphocytes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атопия</kwd><kwd>TLRs</kwd><kwd>IL-33</kwd><kwd>TSLP</kwd><kwd>CD-антигены</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atopy</kwd><kwd>TLRs</kwd><kwd>IL-33</kwd><kwd>TSLP</kwd><kwd>CD antigens</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hammad H., Chieppa M., Perros F., Willart M.A., Germain R.N., Lambrecht B.N. House dust mite allergen induces asthma via Toll-like receptor 4 triggering of airway structural cells. Nat. Med. 2009; 15 (4): 410–416. DOI: 10.1038/nm.1946.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hammad H., Chieppa M., Perros F., Willart M.A., Germain R.N., Lambrecht B.N. 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