ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2019-2-195-214ssmu-2319Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESАутофагия как механизм защиты при окислительном стрессеAutophagy as a protective mechanism in oxidative stresshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1476-4098ЗенковН. К.ZenkovN. K.ЧечушковА. В.ChehushkovA. V.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9989-9778КожинП. М.KozhinP. M.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1972-6891МартиновичГ. Г.MartinovichG. G.КандалинцеваН. В.KandalintsevaN. V.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-0114МеньщиковаЕ. Б.MenshchikovaE. B.lemen@centercem.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины (ФИЦ ФТМ)РоссияFederal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational MedicineRussian FederationБелорусский государственный университет (БГУ)БеларусьBelarusian State University (BSU)BelarusНовосибирский государственный педагогический университет (НГПУ)РоссияNovosibirsk State Pedagogical UniversityRussian Federation201911082019182195214Copyright © Зенков Н.К., Чечушков А.В., Кожин П.М., Мартинович Г.Г., Кандалинцева Н.В., Меньщикова Е.Б., 20192019Зенков Н.К., Чечушков А.В., Кожин П.М., Мартинович Г.Г., Кандалинцева Н.В., Меньщикова Е.Б.Zenkov N.K., Chehushkov A.V., Kozhin P.M., Martinovich G.G., Kandalintseva N.V., Menshchikova E.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2319

Аутофагия является основным катаболическим процессом удаления из клеток поврежденных органелл, агрегированных белков и внутриклеточных патогенов. Развитие окислительного стресса сопровождается усилением аутофагии, которая оказывает защитное действие посредством поддержания качественного состава митохондрий (митофагия) и пероксисом (пексофагия) с последующей лизосомальной деградацией органелл с высокой продукцией активных форм кислорода. Посредством агрефагии также удаляются токсические продукты, образующиеся при окислительном и карбонильном стрессе. Кроме того, аутофагия может активировать систему антиоксидант-респонсивного элемента и повышать экспрессию генов антиоксидантных ферментов. Защитная роль аутофагии может быть полезной при многих патологиях, сопровождающихся развитием окислительного стресса, и в то же время служить причиной химиорезистентности и снижать эффективность противоопухолевой терапии.

Autophagy is the main catabolic process required for the removal of damaged organelles, aggregated proteins and intracellular pathogens from cells. Oxidative stress is accompanied by an increase in autophagy, which has a protective effect by maintaining the qualitative composition of mitochondria (mitophagy) and peroxisomes (pexophagy) followed by lysosomal degradation of organelles with high production of reactive oxygen species. Aggrephagy also removes toxic products formed during oxidative and carbonyl stress. Furthermore, autophagy can activate the antioxidant response element system and increase the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes. The protective role of autophagy can be useful in many pathological processes accompanied by the development of oxidative stress while at the same time it may cause chemoresistance, reducing the effectiveness of anti-tumor therapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.