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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2019-3-90-100</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-2404</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Взаимосвязь курения с холодовой гиперреактивностью дыхательных путей и течением деструктивно-цитолитических процессов в бокаловидном эпителии бронхов больных бронхиальной астмой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of smoking on the formation of airway hyperresponsiveness to cold and the course of destructive-cytological processes in the goblet cells of the bronchial epithelium in patients with asthma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5846-3276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогов</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент, ст. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория профилактики неспецифических заболеваний легких,</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Scientist, Laboratory of Prophylaxis of Nonspecific Lung Diseases, </p><p>22, Kalinina Str., Blagoveschensk, 675000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-7380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodko</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, гл. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы, </p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Chief Scientist, Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System,</p><p>22, Kalinina Str., Blagoveschensk, 675000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8854-4752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колосов</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolosov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, директор,</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Professor, Director,</p><p>22, Kalinina Str., Blagoveschensk, 675000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9411-7474</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перельман</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perelman</surname><given-names>Ju. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, руководитель лаборатории функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы,</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System,</p><p>22, Kalinina Str., Blagoveschensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jperelman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания (ДНЦ ФПД)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Respiratory Physiology and Pathology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., Колосов В.П., Перельман Ю.М., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., Колосов В.П., Перельман Ю.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pirogov A.B., Prikhodko A.G., Kolosov V.P., Perelman J.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2404">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2404</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Табакокурение больных бронхиальной астмой (БА) может усилить повреждение слизистой оболочки бронхов и существенно ухудшить течение заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить влияние табакокурения на клинические проявления болезни, реакцию дыхательных путей на воздействие холодного воздуха, деструктивно-цитолитические процессы в бокаловидном эпителии бронхов больных БА.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. У 145 больных БА определяли уровень контроля над заболеванием по данным вопросника Аsthma Control Test, функцию легких (ОФВ1 , %), реакцию дыхательных путей (∆ОФВ1 , %) на 3-минутную изокапническую гипервентиляцию холодным (–20 °С) воздухом (ИГХВ), осуществляли сбор индуцированной мокроты (ИМ). В цитограммах ИМ определяли процентное содержание, индекс деструкции клеток (ИДК) и интенсивность цитолиза (ИЦ), гистохимически – активность миелопероксидазы (МПО) и содержание гликопротеинов. В группу 1 включены 102 некурящих лица, в группу 2 – 43 курящих.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В ИМ больных группы 2 по сравнению с группой 1 найдено усиление деструктивной (ИДК = 0,47 ± 0,02 и 0,40 ± 0,02 соответственно, р = 0,044) и цитолитической активности бокаловидных клеток (ИЦ = 0,22 ± 0,03 и 0,15 ± 0,02 соответственно, р = 0,047) с преобладанием количества полностью разрушенных клеток ((21,7 ± 2,4) и (14,5 ± 1,6)%, р = 0,043) и снижением клеток нормальной структуры ((52,5 ± 2,1) и (60,5 ± 3,1)%, р = 0,047). Для курящих характерно высокое содержание нейтрофилов в ИМ ((34,1 ± 3,0) и (23,9 ± 1,4)% соответственно, р = 0,0006) и уровня миелопероксидазы в гранулоцитах бронхов ((94,3 ± 5,4) и (80,7 ± 3,6) пикселей, р = 0,037). Курящие активнее реагировали на ИГХВ (∆ОФВ1 = (–13,7 ± 2,6) и (–7,9 ± 1,2)% соответственно, р = 0,032), и степень реакции коррелировала с показателями деструктивно-цитолитической активности клеток ИМ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Табакокурение у больных БА приводит к нарушению структуры бокаловидного эпителия бронхов с усилением деструктивно-цитолитических процессов, что сопровождается снижением уровня содержания гликопротеинов в цитоплазме, увеличением секреторной активности бокаловидных клеток, нейтрофилией, усилением оксидативной пероксидазной активности гранулоцитов, ухудшением бронхиальной проходимости и усилением реакции дыхательных путей на воздействие холодного воздуха. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Tobacco smoking in patients with asthma can intensify the bronchi mucosa damage and significantly worsen the course of the disease.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the influence of tobacco smoking on the clinical manifestations of the disease, airway response to cold air exposure and destructive-cytological processes in the goblet cells of bronchial epithelium in patients with asthma.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In 145 patients with asthma their asthma control level was determined by the Аsthma Control Test, lung function (FEV1 , %) and airway response (∆FEV1 , %) to a 3-minute isocapnic hyperventilation (–20 °С) of cold air (IHCA) were evaluated, and induced sputum (IS) was collected. In cytograms of IS a percentage content, the index of cell destruction (ICD) and the index of cytolysis intensiveness (IC) were assessed; histochemically the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the contents of glycoproteins were identified. The 1st group included 102 non-smokers and the 2nd group included 43 smokers.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In IS of patients of the 2nd group in comparison with the 1st one we found intensification of the destructive (ICD = 0.47 ± 0.02 and 0.40 ± 0.02, respectively, р = 0.044) and cytolytic activity of goblet cells (IC = 0.22 ± 0.03 and 0.15 ± 0.02, respectively, р = 0.047) with the domination of the number of completely destroyed cells (21.7 ± 2.4 vs. 14.5 ± 1.6%, р = 0.043) and the decrease in the number of cells with a normal structure (52.5 ± 2.1 vs. 60.5 ± 3.1%, р = 0.047). For smokers it was typical to have high contents of neutrophils in IS (34.1 ± 3.0 vs. 23.9 ± 1.4%, respectively, р = 0.0006) and high level of myeloperoxidase in granulocytes of bronchi (94.3 ± 5.4 vs. 80.7 ± 3.6 pixels, р = 0.037). Smokers responded more actively to IHCA (∆FEV1 was –13.7 ± 2.6 vs. –7.9 ± 1.2%, respectively, р = 0.032), and the degree of the response correlated with the indices of destructive-cytological activity of IS cells.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Tobacco smoking in patients with asthma leads to the disturbance of the structure of goblet epithelium in the bronchi with the intensification of destructive-cytological processes, which is accompanied by a decrease in the level of glycoproteins in cytoplasm, an increase in the secretory activity of the goblet cells, neutrophilia, growth of oxidative peroxidase activity of granulocytes, worsening of the bronchial conductance, and intensification of airway response to cold air. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>табакокурение</kwd><kwd>холодовая гиперреактивность дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>бокаловидные клетки</kwd><kwd>гранулоциты</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>оксидативный стресс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>tobacco smoking</kwd><kwd>airway hyperresponsiveness to cold</kwd><kwd>goblet cells</kwd><kwd>granulocytes</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гамбарян М.Г. 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