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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2019-3-192-202</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-2417</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Осложнения и рецидивы после аллопластики больших и гигантских грыж пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complications and relapses after alloplasty of large and giant hernia of the esophageal aperture of the diaphragm</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0702-676X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розенфельд</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rosenfeld</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент, кафедра патологической физиологии,</p><p>170100, г. Тверь, ул. Советская, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Pathological Physiology, </p><p>4, Sovetskaya Str., Tver, 170100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iiggo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Тверской государственный медицинский университет (ТГМУ)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Tver State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>192</fpage><lpage>202</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Розенфельд И.И., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Розенфельд И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rosenfeld I.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2417">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2417</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре литературы представлен контент-анализ хирургического лечения больших и гигантских грыж пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы, а также поднята проблема осложнений при использовании основных методов герниопластики. Аллопластика пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы остается большой и нерешенной хирургической проблемой, о чем свидетельствуют проанализированные литературные источники, в основном обзоры и клинические рекомендации.</p><p>Во-первых, аллопластика способна вызвать послеоперационные осложнения с частотой до 20%, особенно при использовании жестких полипропиленовых и композитных политетрафторэтиленовых сетчатых имплантатов при циркулярной параэзофагеальной фиксации. Современные биологические сетки в настоящее время показывают высокую частоту анатомических рецидивов, поэтому большинство специалистов продолжают использовать синтетические имплантаты, из которых наиболее перспективными являются облегченные, сетчатые, частично рассасывающиеся конструкции.</p><p>Во-вторых, до сих пор не разработаны четкие показания к аллопластике, например, в зависимости от размера грыж пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы, что является основным фактором риска рецидива.</p><p>В-третьих, до сих пор не понятно, какой показатель необходимо использовать для оценки размеров грыж пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы и, следовательно, четко не определено, какие грыжи считаются малыми, какие – большими, а какие – гигантскими, несмотря на то, что данные термины постоянно фигурируют в медицинской литературе.</p><p>В-четвертых, не определена оптимальная методика аллопластики при больших и особенно при гигантских грыжах, которая препятствовала бы анатомическим рецидивам и в то же время не вызвала бы послеоперационных осложнений.</p><p>Необходимо наметить следующие пути решения этих проблемных вопросов: разработать эффективные и в то же время безопасные методики аллопластики больших и гигантских грыж; определить четкие показания к аллопластике пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы в зависимости от размеров грыж; создать соответствующую прикладную классификацию грыж пищеводного отверстии диафрагмы. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review of the literature presents the content analysis of surgical treatment of large and giant hernia of the esophageal aperture of the diaphragm as well as the analyses of complications when using the main methods of hernioplasty. Alloplasty of the esophageal aperture of the diaphragm remains a large and unresolved surgical problem, as evidenced by the analyzed literature sources, mainly reviews and clinical recommendations.</p><p>Firstly, alloplasty can cause postoperative complications with a frequency of up to 20%, especially when using rigid polypropylene and composite polytetrafluoroethylene mesh implants with circular paraesophageal fixation. Modern biological nets now show high incidence of anatomical relapses, so most specialists continue to use synthetic implants, of which the most promising ones are lightweight, mesh, partially absorbable structures.</p><p>Secondly, clear indications for alloplasty have not been developed, for example, according to the size of the hernia of the esophageal opening in the diaphragm, which is the main risk factor for relapses.</p><p>Thirdly, it is still not clear what indicator should be used to estimate the size of hernia of the esophageal aperture of the diaphragm and, therefore, it is not clearly defined which hernias are considered small, which are large and which are giant, despite the fact that the three terms constantly appear in the medical literature.</p><p>Fourthly, the optimal technique for alloplasty has not been determined with large and especially giant hernias, which would prevent anatomical relapses, and at the same time would not cause postoperative complications.</p><p>It is necessary to outline the following ways to solve these problems: to develop effective and at the same time safe methods of alloplasty of large and giant hernias; to determine clear indications for alloplasty of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm, depending on the size of hernias; to create an appropriate, applied classification of hernias of the esophageal aperture of the diaphragm. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллопластика</kwd><kwd>большие грыжи пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы</kwd><kwd>гигантские грыжи пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы</kwd><kwd>полипропиленовые имплантаты</kwd><kwd>политетрафторэтиленовные имплантаты</kwd><kwd>облегченные имплантаты</kwd><kwd>биологические бесклеточные дермальные имплантаты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alloplastic</kwd><kwd>large hernia of the esophageal aperture of the diaphragm</kwd><kwd>giant hernia of the esophageal aperture of the diaphragm</kwd><kwd>polypropylene implants</kwd><kwd>polytetrafluoroethylene implants</kwd><kwd>lightweight implants</kwd><kwd>biological cell – free dermal implants</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frantzides C.T., Carlson M.A., Loizides S. et al. 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