ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2019-3-214-225ssmu-2419Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESВзаимодействие гельминтов и микробиоты кишечника: значение в развитии и профилактике хронических неинфекционных заболеванийHelminths and intestinal microbiota interaction: role in the development of noncommunicable diseaseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-0733СоколоваТ. С.SokolovaT. S.

аспирант, кафедра факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней,

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

Postgraduate student, Division of Intermediate-Level Pediatrics with a Course of Childhood Diseases,

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

rizhakovats@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7130-9609ФедороваО. С.FedorovaO. S.

д-р мед. наук, зав. кафедрой факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней,

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

DM, Head of the Division, Division of Intermediate-Level Pediatrics with a Course of Childhood Diseases,

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0457-5392СалтыковаИ. В.SaltykovaI. V.

канд. мед. наук, центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория,

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

PhD, Research Fellow,

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-0733ПетровВ. А.PetrovV. A.

мл. науч. сотрудник, центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория,

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

Junior Research Fellow,

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-7911ФедотоваМ. М.FedotovaM. M.

канд. мед. наук, ассистент, кафедра факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней,

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

PhD, Associate Professor, Division of Intermediate-Level Pediatrics with a Course of Childhood Diseases, 

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6818-9792КовширинаЮ. В.KovshirinaYu. V.

канд. мед. наук, ассистент, кафедра инфекционных болезней и ýпидемиологии,

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

PhD, Associate Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, 

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4449-4810ДеевИ. А.DeevI. A.

д-р мед. наук, профессор, кафедра факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней,

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

DM, Professor, Division of IntermediateLevel Pediatrics with a Course of Childhood Diseases,

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2962-1076ОгородоваЛ. М.OgorodovaL. M.

д-р мед. наук, член-корреспондент РАН, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, профессор, кафедра факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней,

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

DM, Professor, Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, Division of Intermediate-Level Pediatrics with a Course of Childhood Diseases,

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

Сибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ)РоссияSiberian State Medical University (SSMU)Russian Federation201927102019183214225Copyright © Соколова Т.С., Федорова О.С., Салтыкова И.В., Петров В.А., Федотова М.М., Ковширина Ю.В., Деев И.А., Огородова Л.М., 20192019Соколова Т.С., Федорова О.С., Салтыкова И.В., Петров В.А., Федотова М.М., Ковширина Ю.В., Деев И.А., Огородова Л.М.Sokolova T.S., Fedorova O.S., Saltykova I.V., Petrov V.A., Fedotova M.M., Kovshirina Y.V., Deev I.A., Ogorodova L.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2419

В связи с ростом хронических неинфекционных заболеваний, включая аутоиммунные, аллергические, онкологические, возрастает значимость исследований механизмов модификации популяционного иммунитета. В соответствии с гипотезой «старых друзей» (англ. old friends) микробиота и гельминты, которые сосуществовали с человеком в процессе эволюции, играют важную роль в регуляции иммунной системы хозяина. Снижение воздействия гельминтов и микробиотических сообществ на иммунную систему хозяина в результате улучшения гигиенических условий в развитых странах рассматривается в качестве фактора риска развития хронических неинфекционных заболеваний. В исследованиях показано, что кишечные паразиты и продукты их жизнедеятельности модулируют иммунный ответ хозяина. Одним из патогенетических механизмов такой модуляции, возможно, является увеличение содержания бактерий желудочно-кишечного тракта, обладающих противовоспалительными свойствами. С появлением современных технологий идентификации микроорганизмов стало возможным существенно расширить знания о микробиоте при различных патологических состояниях. В настоящее время изучение модификации микробиоты пищеварительного тракта организма хозяина на фоне гельминтозов является актуальной задачей, решение которой представляет перспективу новых возможностей в профилактике, диагностике и контроле таких состояний, как хронические воспалительные заболевания кишечника и аллергические болезни. Цель настоящего обзора – представить анализ современных экспериментальных и эпидемиологических исследований, направленных на оценку симбиоза микробиоты и гельминтных инвазий пищеварительного тракта в целях поиска возможных механизмов профилактики хронических неинфекционных заболеваний. 

There is an increase in the prevalence of chronic, noncommunicable diseases, including allergic and autoimmune diseases in developed countries. In this regard, the study of factors modifying the population’s immune response is very important.

According to the “old friends” hypothesis , insufficiency of infectious stimulation and decrease in prevalence of helminthiasis are associated with development of noncommunicable diseases. Studies revealed that intestinal parasites modulate the host immune response and alter susceptibility to immunological diseases. It is suggested that one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of immune response modulation by parasites is an increase in the content of gastrointestinal bacteria with anti-inflammatory effect. Advanced technologies of microorganism identification provide a deep insight into the microbiota in different pathologies. The study of changes in the intestine and bile microbiota of the host in helminthiases provides new possibilities for prevention, diagnosis and control of such conditions as chronic inflammatory bowel diseases and allergic diseases. The purpose of this review is to analyze current experimental and clinical data on intestinal microbiota in helminth infections and possible association with development of chronic noncommunicable diseases. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.