<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2019-4-256-265</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-2579</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЛУЧАЙ ИЗ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>CLIPPERS. Обзор литературы и собственные наблюдения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CLIPPERS. Three clinical cases and review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-2999</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прахова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prakhova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, зав. лабораторией нейрореабилитации,</p><p>197376, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Head of the Neurorehabilitation Laboratory,</p><p>9, Akademika Pavlova Str., St. Petersburg, 197376</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">l.n.prakhova@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парфенова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parfyonova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординатор, отделение неврологии,</p><p>197376, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident, Department of Neurology,</p><p>9, Akademika Pavlova Str., St. Petersburg, 197376</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9306-2101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савинцева</surname><given-names>Ж. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savintseva</surname><given-names>Zh. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач-рентгенолог, отделение лучевой диагностики, </p><p>197376, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Rentgenologist, Radiology Department,</p><p>9, Akademika Pavlova Str., St. Petersburg, 197376</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильвес</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilves</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория нейроиммунологии,</p><p>197376, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Senior Researcher, Neuroimmunology Laboratory,</p><p>9, Akademika Pavlova Str., St. Petersburg, 197376</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8193-0116</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бубнова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bubnova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент, кафедра рентгенологии и радиационной медицины,</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6/8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor,</p><p>6/8, Lva Tolstogo Str., St. Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9769-447X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент, кафедра неврологии,</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6/8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Neurology,</p><p>6/8, Lva Tolstogo Str., St. Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2085-9205</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-невролог, неврологическое отделение № 1,</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6/8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Neurologist,</p><p>6/8, Lva Tolstogo Str., St. Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6715-8203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тотолян</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Totolyan</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, кафедра неврологии,</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6/8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Professor, Department of Neurology,</p><p>6/8, Lva Tolstogo Str., St. Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт мозга человека (ИМЧ) им. Н.П. Бехтеревой Российской академии наук (РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. И.П. Павлова (ПСПБГМУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>256</fpage><lpage>265</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Прахова Л.Н., Парфенова А.С., Савинцева Ж.И., Ильвес А.Г., Бубнова Е.В., Краснов В.С., Тарасова А.М., Тотолян Н.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Прахова Л.Н., Парфенова А.С., Савинцева Ж.И., Ильвес А.Г., Бубнова Е.В., Краснов В.С., Тарасова А.М., Тотолян Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prakhova L.N., Parfyonova A.S., Savintseva Z.I., Ilves A.G., Bubnova E.V., Krasnov V.S., Tarasova A.M., Totolyan N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2579">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2579</self-uri><abstract/><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>CLIPPERS (Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids) is a rare inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, during which the pons of the brain is damaged. This disease was described for the first time in 2010 by S.J. Pittock et.al. At present, there have been around 50 described cases of the disease. Up to the present moment, there are difficulties diagnosing this disease. In the article, a literature review and three clinical cases are presented. Furthermore, the necessity of further research is shown for improving the accuracy and specificity of the diagnostic criteria, as well as for defining biomarkers and developing algorithms of effective therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>CLIPPERS</kwd><kwd>МРТ</kwd><kwd>глюкокортикостероиды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CLIPPERS</kwd><kwd>MRI</kwd><kwd>glucocorticosteroids</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pittock S.J., Debruyne J., Krecke K.N., Giannini C., van den Ameele J., de Herdt V., McKeon A., Fealey R.D., Weinshenker B.G., Aksamit A.J., Krueger B.R., Shuster E.A., Keegan B.M. Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). Brain. 2010; 133 (9): 2626–2634. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq164.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pittock S.J., Debruyne J., Krecke K.N., Giannini C., van den Ameele J., de Herdt V., McKeon A., Fealey R.D., Weinshenker B.G., Aksamit A.J., Krueger B.R., Shuster E.A., Keegan B.M. Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). Brain. 2010; 133 (9): 2626–2634. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq164.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dudesek A., Rimmele F., Tesar S., Kolbaske S., Rommer P.S., Benecke R., Zettl U.K. CLIPPERS: chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids. Review of an increasingly reñognized entity within the spectrum of inflammatory central nervous system disorders. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2014; 175 (3): 385–396. DOI: 10.1111/cei.12204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dudesek A., Rimmele F., Tesar S., Kolbaske S., Rommer P.S., Benecke R., Zettl U.K. CLIPPERS: chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids. Review of an increasingly reñognized entity within the spectrum of inflammatory central nervous system disorders. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2014; 175 (3): 385–396. DOI: 10.1111/cei.12204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taieb G., Duflos C., Renard D., Audoin B., Kaphan E., elletier J., Limousin N., Tranchant C., Kremer S., de Sèze J., Lefaucheur R., Maltête D., Brassat D., Clanet M., Desbordes P., Thouvenot E., Magy L., Vincent T., Faillie J.L., de Champfleur N., Castelnovo G., Eimer S., Branger D.F., Uro-Coste E., Labauge P. Long-term outcomes of CLIPPERS (chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascularenhancement responsive to steroids) in a consecutive series of 12 patients. Arch. Neurol. 2012; 69 (7): 847–855. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2012.122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taieb G., Duflos C., Renard D., Audoin B., Kaphan E., elletier J., Limousin N., Tranchant C., Kremer S., de Sèze J., Lefaucheur R., Maltête D., Brassat D., Clanet M., Desbordes P., Thouvenot E., Magy L., Vincent T., Faillie J.L., de Champfleur N., Castelnovo G., Eimer S., Branger D.F., Uro-Coste E., Labauge P. Long-term outcomes of CLIPPERS (chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascularenhancement responsive to steroids) in a consecutive series of 12 patients. Arch. Neurol. 2012; 69 (7): 847–855. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2012.122.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simon N.G., Parratt J.D., Barnett M.H., Buckland M.E., Gupta R., Hayes M.W., Masters L.T., Reddel S.W. Expanding the clinical, radiological and neuropathological phenotype of chronic lymphocyticinflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 2012; 83 (1): 15–22. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301054.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simon N.G., Parratt J.D., Barnett M.H., Buckland M.E., Gupta R., Hayes M.W., Masters L.T., Reddel S.W. Expanding the clinical, radiological and neuropathological phenotype of chronic lymphocyticinflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 2012; 83 (1): 15–22. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301054.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kastrup O., van de Nes J., Gasser T., Keyvani K. Three cases of CLIPPERS: a serial clinical, laboratory and MRI follow-up study. J. Neurol. 2011; 258 (12): 2140–2146. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-011-6071-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kastrup O., van de Nes J., Gasser T., Keyvani K. Three cases of CLIPPERS: a serial clinical, laboratory and MRI follow-up study. J. Neurol. 2011; 258 (12): 2140–2146. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-011-6071-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tohge R., Nagao M., Yagishita A., Matsubara S. A case of chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) in East Asia. Intern. Med. 2012; 51 (9): 1115–1119. DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7040.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tohge R., Nagao M., Yagishita A., Matsubara S. A case of chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) in East Asia. Intern. Med. 2012; 51 (9): 1115–1119. DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7040.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taieb G., Wacongne A., Renard D., Figarella-Branger D., Castelnovo G., Labauge P. A new case of chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement resposive to steroids with initial normal magnetic resonance imaging. Brain. 2011; 134 (Pt 8): e182; author reply e183. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq390.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taieb G., Wacongne A., Renard D., Figarella-Branger D., Castelnovo G., Labauge P. A new case of chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement resposive to steroids with initial normal magnetic resonance imaging. Brain. 2011; 134 (Pt 8): e182; author reply e183. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq390.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gabilondo I., Saiz A., Graus F., Villoslada P. Re sponse to immunotherapy in CLIPPERS syndrîme. J. Neurol. 2011; 258 (11): 2090–2092. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-011-6068-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gabilondo I., Saiz A., Graus F., Villoslada P. Re sponse to immunotherapy in CLIPPERS syndrîme. J. Neurol. 2011; 258 (11): 2090–2092. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-011-6068-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duprez T.P., Sindic C.J. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and perfusion-weighted imaging for monitoring features in severe CLIPPERS. Brain. 2011; 134 (Pt 8): e184. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr034.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Duprez T.P., Sindic C.J. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and perfusion-weighted imaging for monitoring features in severe CLIPPERS. Brain. 2011; 134 (Pt 8): e184. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr034.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sczesni K.C., Alekseyev A., Schlegel U., Skodda S. Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids. Nervenarzt. 2012; 83 (6): 775–781 (in Germ.). DOI: 10.1007/s00115-011-3430-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sczesni K.C., Alekseyev A., Schlegel U., Skodda S. Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids. Nervenarzt. 2012; 83 (6): 775–781 (in Germ.). DOI: 10.1007/s00115-011-3430-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sempere A.P., Mola S., Martin-Medina P., Bernabeu A., Khabbaz E., Lopez-Celada S. Response to immunotherapy in CLIPPERS: clinical, MRI, and MRS follow-up. J. Neuroimaging. 2013; 23 (2): 254–255. DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2011.00631.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sempere A.P., Mola S., Martin-Medina P., Bernabeu A., Khabbaz E., Lopez-Celada S. Response to immunotherapy in CLIPPERS: clinical, MRI, and MRS follow-up. J. Neuroimaging. 2013; 23 (2): 254–255. DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2011.00631.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ortega M.R., Usmani N., Parra-Herran C., Adams D.J., Steingo B., Rammohan K.W. CLIPPERS complicating multiple sclerosis causing concerns of CNS lymphoma. Neurology. 2012; 79 (7): 715–716. DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182648b77.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ortega M.R., Usmani N., Parra-Herran C., Adams D.J., Steingo B., Rammohan K.W. CLIPPERS complicating multiple sclerosis causing concerns of CNS lymphoma. Neurology. 2012; 79 (7): 715–716. DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182648b77.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hillesheim P.B., Parker J.R., Parker J.C.Jr, Escott E., Berger J.R. Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids following influenza vaccination. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2012; 136 (6): 681–685. DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2011-0428-cr.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hillesheim P.B., Parker J.R., Parker J.C.Jr, Escott E., Berger J.R. Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids following influenza vaccination. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2012; 136 (6): 681–685. DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2011-0428-cr.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">List J., Lesemann A., Wiener E., Walter G., Hopmann D., Schreiber S., Ruprecht K. A new case of chronic lymphocytic inflamma tion with pontine perivascular enhancement re sponsive to steroids. Brain. 2011; 134 (Pt. 8): e185. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr035.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">List J., Lesemann A., Wiener E., Walter G., Hopmann D., Schreiber S., Ruprecht K. A new case of chronic lymphocytic inflamma tion with pontine perivascular enhancement re sponsive to steroids. Brain. 2011; 134 (Pt. 8): e185. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr035.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jones J.L., Dean A.F., Antoun N., Scoffings D.J., Burnet N.G., Coles A.J. ‘Radiologically compatible CLIPPERS’ may conceal a number of pathologies. Brain. 2011; 134 (Pt. 8): e187. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr134.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jones J.L., Dean A.F., Antoun N., Scoffings D.J., Burnet N.G., Coles A.J. ‘Radiologically compatible CLIPPERS’ may conceal a number of pathologies. Brain. 2011; 134 (Pt. 8): e187. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr134.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Limousin N., Praline J., Motica O., Cottier J.P., Rousselot-Denis C., Mokhtari K., Gonzalez-Aguilar A., De Toffol B. Brain biopsy is required in steroid-re sistant patients with chronic lymphocytic in flammation with pontineperivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). J. Neu rooncol. 2012; 107 (1): 223–224. DOI: 10.1007/s11060-011-0724-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Limousin N., Praline J., Motica O., Cottier J.P., Rousselot-Denis C., Mokhtari K., Gonzalez-Aguilar A., De Toffol B. Brain biopsy is required in steroid-re sistant patients with chronic lymphocytic in flammation with pontineperivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). J. Neu rooncol. 2012; 107 (1): 223–224. DOI: 10.1007/s11060-011-0724-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Graaff H.J., Wattjes M.P., Rozemuller-Kwakkel A.J., Petzold A., Killestein J. Fatal B-cell lymphoma following chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascularenhancement responsive to steroids. JAMA Neu rol. 2013; 70 (7): 915–918. DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Graaff H.J., Wattjes M.P., Rozemuller-Kwakkel A.J., Petzold A., Killestein J. Fatal B-cell lymphoma following chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascularenhancement responsive to steroids. JAMA Neu rol. 2013; 70 (7): 915–918. DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buttmann M., Metz I., Brecht I., Brück W., WarmuthMetz M. Atypical chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontocerebellar perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS), primary angiitis of the CNS mimicking CLIPPERS or overlap syndrome? A case report. J. Neurol. Sci. 2013; 324 (1–2): 183–186. DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2012.10.017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buttmann M., Metz I., Brecht I., Brück W., WarmuthMetz M. Atypical chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontocerebellar perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS), primary angiitis of the CNS mimicking CLIPPERS or overlap syndrome? A case report. J. Neurol. Sci. 2013; 324 (1–2): 183–186. DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2012.10.017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferreira R.M., Machado G., Souza A.S., Lin K., Corrêa-Neto Y. CLIPPERS-like MRI findings in a patient with multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sci. 2013; 327 (1–2): 61–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.01.032.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferreira R.M., Machado G., Souza A.S., Lin K., Corrêa-Neto Y. CLIPPERS-like MRI findings in a patient with multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sci. 2013; 327 (1–2): 61–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.01.032.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keegan B.M., Pittock S.J. Cutting-edge questions about CLIPPERS (chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids). Arch. Neu rol. 2012; 69 (7): 819–820. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2012.1015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keegan B.M., Pittock S.J. Cutting-edge questions about CLIPPERS (chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids). Arch. Neu rol. 2012; 69 (7): 819–820. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2012.1015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weng C.F., Chan D.C., Chen Y.F., Liu F.C., Liou H.H. Chronic hepatitis B infection presenting with chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pon-tineperivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS): a case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2015; 9: 266. DOI: 10.1186/s13256-015-0750-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weng C.F., Chan D.C., Chen Y.F., Liu F.C., Liou H.H. Chronic hepatitis B infection presenting with chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pon-tineperivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS): a case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2015; 9: 266. DOI: 10.1186/s13256-015-0750-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang L., Holthaus E.A., Jimenez X.F., Tavee J., Li Y. MRI evolution of CLIPPERS syndrome fol-lowing herpes zoster infection. J. Neurol. Sci. 2015; 348 (1–2): 277–278. DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.11.022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang L., Holthaus E.A., Jimenez X.F., Tavee J., Li Y. MRI evolution of CLIPPERS syndrome fol-lowing herpes zoster infection. J. Neurol. Sci. 2015; 348 (1–2): 277–278. DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.11.022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Biotti D., Deschamps R., Shotar E., Maillart E., Obadia M., Mari I., Savatovsky J., Gout O. CLIPPERS: chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids. Pract. Neurol. 2011; 11 (6): 349–351. DOI: 10.1136/practneurol-2011-000043.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biotti D., Deschamps R., Shotar E., Maillart E., Obadia M., Mari I., Savatovsky J., Gout O. CLIPPERS: chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids. Pract. Neurol. 2011; 11 (6): 349–351. DOI: 10.1136/practneurol-2011-000043.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wijntjes J., Wouda E.J., Siegert C.E., Karas G.B., Vlaar A.M. Need for prolonged immunosupressive therapy in CLIPPERS – a case report. BMC Neurol. 2013; 13: 49. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2377-13-49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wijntjes J., Wouda E.J., Siegert C.E., Karas G.B., Vlaar A.M. Need for prolonged immunosupressive therapy in CLIPPERS – a case report. BMC Neurol. 2013; 13: 49. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2377-13-49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tan B.L., Agzarian M., Schultz D.W. CLIPPERS: Induction and maintenance of re-mission using hydroxychloroquine. Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm. 2015; 2 (1): e56. DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000056.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tan B.L., Agzarian M., Schultz D.W. CLIPPERS: Induction and maintenance of re-mission using hydroxychloroquine. Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm. 2015; 2 (1): e56. DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000056.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rico M., Villafani J., Tuñón A., Mateos V., Oliva-Nacarino P. IFN beta 1a as glucocorticoids-sparing therapy in a patient with CLIPPERS. Am. J. Case Rep. 2016; 17: 47–50. DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.896102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rico M., Villafani J., Tuñón A., Mateos V., Oliva-Nacarino P. IFN beta 1a as glucocorticoids-sparing therapy in a patient with CLIPPERS. Am. J. Case Rep. 2016; 17: 47–50. DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.896102.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
