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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2020-2-48-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-2859</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Частота встречаемости антигенов нейтрофилов человека и риск аллоиммунизации у доноров и больных гематологическими заболеваниями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Human neutrophil antigen allele frequencies and assessment of HNA alloimmunisation risk in donors and hematological patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-2387</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кробинец</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krobinets</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">transfusion_spb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7137-8877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минеева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mineeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор, рук. лаборатории изосерологии</p><p>Россия, 191024, г. Санкт-Петербург, 2-я Советская ул., 16 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданова</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanova</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7569-0697</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чечеткин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chechetkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, директор </p><p>Россия, 191024, г. Санкт-Петербург, 2-я Советская ул., 16 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научно-исследовательский институт гематологии и трансфузиологии (РосНИИГТ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кробинец И.И., Минеева Н.В., Богданова И.О., Чечеткин А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кробинец И.И., Минеева Н.В., Богданова И.О., Чечеткин А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krobinets I.I., Mineeva N.V., Bogdanova I.O., Chechetkin A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2859">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/2859</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Антигены нейтрофилов человека (Human neutrophil antigens, НNА) локализованы на гликопротеинах, расположенных на поверхностной мембране нейтрофилов. Иммунизация к HNA во время беременности или вследствие трансфузий компонентов крови может привести к выработке аллоантител. Одним из факторов развития аллоиммунизации является частота встречаемости HNA. B связи с этим представляется важным изучить особенности распределения аллелей и генотипов HNA у доноров и больных гематологическими заболеваниями г. Санкт-Петербурга для прогнозирования риска аллоиммунизации.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить риск HNA аллоиммунизации у доноров и больных гематологическими заболеваниями г. Санкт-Петербурга на основании изучения частот встречаемости аллелей и генотипов HNA.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Материалом исследования служили образцы периферической крови 303 доноров г. Санкт-Петербурга и 302 больных гематологическими заболеваниями, получавших терапию в Российском  научно-исследовательском институте гематологии и трансфузиологии. Геномная ДНК была выделена из цельной крови методом многоступенчатой очистки с использованием реактива цетилтриметиламмония бромида. Типирование HNA проводили методом аллель-специфичной полимеразной цепной реакции с использованием разработанных олигонуклеотидных праймеров. Сравнения частот встречаемости генотипов HNA у доноров, больных гематологическими заболеваниями, и представителей других популяций проводили с помощью критерия согласия Пирсона χ2.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Частота встречаемости аллеля HNA-1bd составила 0,584–0,588, а HNA-1а – 0,376–0,384. Частота встречаемости аллеля HNA-1bс составила 0,032–0,036, и данный аллель был представлен в генотипах HNA-1а/bc/bd (0,023–0,036)00, HNA-1а/bc (0,020–0,043) и HNA-1bc/bd (0,007–0,010). Генотипы HNA-1bс/bc и HNA-1null выявлены не были. Аллель «а» систем HNA-3, -4, -5 встречался у большинства исследуемых в каждой  группе (0,795–0,804; 0,887–0,898; 0,699–0,708 соответственно). На основании полученных частот встречаемости аллелей и генотипов рассчитали вероятность аллоиммунизации к HNA. Наибольшая величина расчетного риска аллоиммунизации при трансфузиях компонентов крови отмечена при отсутствии в генотипе аллелей HNA-5b, HNA-1a, HNA-3b, HNA-4b и составляет 0,250; 0,233; 0,231 и 0,163 соответственно, что  подтверждает результаты аналогичных исследований.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Статистически значимых различий в частоте встречаемости аллелей и генотипов HNA-1, -3, -4, -5 у доноров г. Санкт-Петербурга и больных гематологическими заболеваниями не установлено. Наибольшая величина расчетного риска аллоиммунизации при трансфузиях компонентов крови, полученная на основании частот встречаемости аллелей и генотипов, отмечена при отсутствии в генотипе аллелей HNA-5b, HNA-1a, HNA-3b, HNA-4b. Полученные данные согласуются с результатами исследований распределения аллелей и генотипов систем HNA в популяции европейцев и значимо отличаются от популяций Восточной и Юго-Восточной Азии, Африки и Южной Америки. Предложенный метод типирования HNA может быть использован для создания клеточной панели, типированной по антигенам нейтрофилов, с целью определения  специфичности аллоантител у доноров, и для диагностики аллоиммунных конфликтов в педиатрии, трансфузиологии и трансплантологии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Human neutrophil antigens (HNAs) are localized on glycoproteins which are positioned on the surface membrane of human neutrophils. Alloantibodies against HNA are implicated in a number of clinical conditions, including immune-mediated neutropenia and transfusion reactions. Genotyping for HNA systems is important in the diagnosis of disorders involving alloimmunization to HNA.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the risk of HNA alloimmunization in donors and patients with hematological diseases in St. Petersburg based on the study of HNA allele and genotype frequencies.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. DNA samples of 303 blood donors and 302 hematological patients were obtained and typed for HNA-1, -3, -4, -5. Polymerase chain reactions with homemade sequence-specific primers were used for typing. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood by a multistage purification method using the CTAB reagent. The results were detected in real time using the EVAGreen intercalating dye. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to compare the HNA genotype frequencies in donors, patients with hematological diseases and in other populations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the study, the frequency of HNA-1bd allele was 0.584–0.588, of HNA-1a – 0.376–0.384, of HNA- 1bc – 0.032–0.036. HNA-1bc allele was represented in the genotypes HNA-1a/bc/bd (0.023–0.036), HNA-1a/bc (0.020–0.043) and HNA-1bc/bd (0.007–0.010). The genotypes HNA-1bc/bc and HNA-1null were not identified. Allele “a” of HNA-3, -4, -5 systems was found in the majority of studied individuals (0.795–0.804; 0.887–0.898; 0.699–0.708). The highest calculated risk of HNA alloimmunization was noted in the absence of HNA-5b, HNA- 1a, HNA-3b, and HNA-4b alleles in the genotype and was 0.250, 0.233, 0.231, and 0.163, respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Our data are consistent with the results of studies on the HNA allele and genotype frequencies in populations of Europeans and are significantly different from those of East and Southeast Asia, Africa and South America. The frequencies of HNA-1, -3, -4, -5 alleles and genotypes among donors in St. Petersburg and patients with hematological diseases did not have statistically significant differences. It was shown that the highest calculated risk of alloimmunization was observed in the absence of HNA-5b, HNA-1a, HNA-3b, and HNA-4b alleles in the genotype. These data are consistent with the results of similar studies on populations of white Europeans conducted by other authors.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антигены нейтрофилов</kwd><kwd>генотипирование</kwd><kwd>аллель-специфичная полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>donor</kwd><kwd>neutrophil antigens</kwd><kwd>genotyping</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bux J. Human neutrophil alloantigens. Vox Sang. 2008; 94 (4): 277–285. 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