The purpose of the study was to study cognitive disorders in the patients with traumatic intracranial hematomas after the operation. 150 operated patients were neuropsychologically assessed with qualitative and quantitative analysis. Differently expressed cognitive disorders were revealed in the most of (95%) patients. The patients with hematomas combined with cerebral foci of crushing had more severe cognitive deficit than the patients with ‘isolated’ hematomas. Localization of cerebral lesions had the principal effect on the features and expressiveness of cognitive impairment in the patients with hematomas combined with foci of crushing. The duration of the interval from the moment of trauma till operation had the most significant influence on the severity and the features of cognitive disorders in patients with isolated hematomas. The restoration of cognitive functions depended on severity of cognitive disorders in acute stage.