ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2021-3-168-181ssmu-4495Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESКатетеризация сосудов мелких лабораторных животных при проведении биомедицинских исследований: технологические аспекты метода (обзор)Vascular catheterization in small laboratory animals in biomedical research: technological aspects of the method (review article)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7760-3526ЛапинК. Н.LapinK. N.

 науч. сотрудник, лаборатория экспериментальных исследований

Россия, 107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, 25/2

25/2, Petrovka Str., Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation

k.n.lapin@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0631-5666РыжковИ. А.RyzhkovI. A.

 канд. мед. наук, зав. лабораторией экспериментальных исследований

Россия, 107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, 25/2

25/2, Petrovka Str., Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6669-6205МальцеваВ. А.MaltsevaV. A.

 науч. сотрудник

Россия, 107014, г. Москва, ул. Большая Оленья, 8

8, Bolshaya Olenya Str., Moscow, 107014, Russian Federation

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6104-4782УдутЕ. В.UdutE. V.

 д-р мед. наук, вед. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория патологической физиологии и регенеративной медицины

Россия, 634028, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 3

3, Lenina Av., Tomsk, 634028, Russian Federation

Научно-исследовательский институт (НИИ) общей реаниматологии имени В.А. Неговского, Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии (ФНКЦ РР)РоссияFederal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and RehabilitologyRussian FederationНаучный центр «Сигнал»РоссияScientific Center “Signal”Russian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт фармакологии и регенеративной медицины (НИИФиРМ) им. Е.Д. Гольдберга, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр (НИМЦ) Российской академии наукРоссияE.D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202121102021203168181Copyright © Лапин К.Н., Рыжков И.А., Мальцева В.А., Удут Е.В., 20212021Лапин К.Н., Рыжков И.А., Мальцева В.А., Удут Е.В.Lapin K.N., Ryzhkov I.A., Maltseva V.A., Udut E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/4495

 Настоящий обзор посвящен применению катетеризации сосудов мелких лабораторных животных в практике  биомедицинских исследований с акцентом на  технологические аспекты метода. Использование сосудистых  катетеров для отбора проб крови, введения  препаратов или с целью биомониторинга позволяет повысить качество исследования (достоверность и  воспроизводимость результатов) и способствует  соблюдению биоэтических норм. С современных позиций  рассмотрены ключевые факторы, от которых зависит успех операции и всего исследования. В частности, даны рекомендации по выбору сосуда, типа и размера катетера в зависимости от особенностей животного и задач исследования. Подробно описана операция катетеризации наружной яремной вены крысы, принципиальные этапы  которой одинаковы для всех магистральных сосудов  грызунов. Также большое внимание уделено  потенциальным осложнениям катетеризации сосудов,  особенностям ухода за катетеризированным животным в  послеоперационном периоде и мероприятиям, направленным на поддержание проходимости катетера и  его надлежащего функционирования. Основными  ограничениями широкого применения метода  катетеризации в научных исследованиях являются недостаточная квалификация хирурга и необходимость  использования операционного оборудования и  микрохирургических инструментов.  

 This review addresses the use of vascular catheterization in small laboratory animals in biomedical research with an emphasis on the technological aspects of the method. The use of vascular catheters for blood sampling, drug delivery or biomonitoring improves the quality of the study (reliability and reproducibility of results) and promotes compliance with modern bioethical standards. The key factors that determine the success of the surgery and the entire study are considered with an up-to-date approach. In particular, recommendations are given on the choice of the vessel and the type and size of the catheter, depending on the characteristics of the animal and the study objectives. Catheterization of the external jugular vein of a rat is described in detail, and the fundamental stages of the procedure are the same for all major vessels of rodents. Much attention is paid to potential complications of vascular catheterization, care for catheterized animals in the postoperative period, as well as measures for maintaining the patency of the catheter and its proper functioning. The main limitations for the widespread use of catheterization in research are insufficient qualification of the surgeon and the need to use surgical equipment and microsurgical instruments. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.