ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2021-4-131-142ssmu-4590Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESСовременные методы радионуклидной диагностики опухолей и неопухолевой патологии головного мозгаModern methods for radionuclide diagnosis of tumors and non-tumor pathologies of the brainhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4568-1781ЗельчанР. В.ZelchanR. V.

канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник, отделение радионуклидной диагностики, 634009, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5;

634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30

5, Kooperativny Str., Tomsk, 634009;

30, Lenina Аv., 634050, Tomsk

r.zelchan@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5840-3625МедведеваА. А.MedvedevaA. A.

канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник, отделение радионуклидной диагностики, 

634009, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5

5, Kooperativny Str., Tomsk, 634009

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6488-0647РыбинаА. Н.BraginaO. D.

канд. мед. наук, врач-рентгенолог, отделение радионуклидной диагностики, 

634009, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5

5, Kooperativny Str., Tomsk, 634009;

30, Lenina Аv., 634050, Tomsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5281-7758БрагинаО. Д.RibinaA. N.

канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник, отделение радионуклидной диагностики,

 

634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30

 

5, Kooperativny Str., Tomsk, 634009

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7171-8728РябоваА. И.RyabovaA. I.

канд. мед. наук, науч. сотрудник, отделение опухолей головы и шеи,

634009, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5

5, Kooperativny Str., Tomsk, 634009

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8753-7916ЧерновВ. И.ChernovV. I.

д-р мед. наук, профессор, зам. директора по научной и инновационной работе, 634009, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5;

зам. директора по научной и инновационной работе зав. отделением радионуклидной диагностики, 634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30

5, Kooperativny Str., Tomsk, 634009;

30, Lenina Аv., 634050, Tomsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-0665ЧойнзоновЕ. Л.ChoynzonovE. L.

д-р мед. наук, профессор, акад. РАН, директор,

634009, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5

5, Kooperativny Str., Tomsk, 634009

Научно-исследовательский институт (НИИ) онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр (НИМЦ) Российской академии наук; Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет (НИ ТПУ)РоссияCancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy of Sciences; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт (НИИ) онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр (НИМЦ) Российской академии наукРоссияCancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт (НИИ) онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр (НИМЦ) Российской академии наукРоссияCancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy of Sciences; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт (НИИ) онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр (НИМЦ) Российской академии наук; Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет (НИ ТПУ) 634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30РоссияCancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202103012022204131142Copyright © Зельчан Р.В., Медведева А.А., Рыбина А.Н., Брагина О.Д., Рябова А.И., Чернов В.И., Чойнзонов Е.Л., 20222022Зельчан Р.В., Медведева А.А., Рыбина А.Н., Брагина О.Д., Рябова А.И., Чернов В.И., Чойнзонов Е.Л.Zelchan R.V., Medvedeva A.A., Bragina O.D., Ribina A.N., Ryabova A.I., Chernov V.I., Choynzonov E.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/4590

В обзоре обсуждается мировой опыт применения методов ядерной медицины в диагностике опухолей головного мозга и его неопухолевых изменений. Рассматриваются основные группы применяемых сегодня радиофармацевтических препаратов (РФП) для визуализации злокачественных опухолей головного мозга, диагностики когнитивных нарушений и нарушений системы нейротрансмиссии методом однофотонной эмиссионной компьютерной томографии и позитронно-эмиссионной томографии.

В сравнительном аспекте освещаются современные подходы к применению методов радионуклидной диагностики в нейроонкологии и неврологии, отражаются основные тенденции в производстве новых, более специфичных РФП для визуализации опухолей головного мозга различной степени злокачественности и диагностики неопухолевых заболеваний мозга. Обсуждаются преимущества и недостатки применяемых сегодня методик и РФП для визуализации заболеваний центральной нервной системы в зависимости от клинической ситуации и конкретных диагностических задач.

Представлены консолидированные рекомендации ведущих научных школ нейроонкологии по применению методов ядерной медицины у пациентов с опухолями головного мозга на этапах лечения и динамического наблюдения. Рассмотрен опыт отечественных научных школ в разработке РФП для нейроонкологии. Освещены особенности разработки и применения новых РФП у пациентов с опухолями головного мозга и нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Обзор выполнен на анализе литературы, входящей в базы данных Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health и РИНЦ. 

The review analyzes the global experience in the application of nuclear medicine techniques for diagnosis of tumors and non-tumor pathologies of the brain. The main groups of radiopharmaceuticals currently used for imaging of malignant brain tumors and diagnosis of cognitive impairments and neurotransmitter system disturbances by means of single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography are described.

Modern approaches to the application of methods for radionuclide diagnosis in neuro-oncology and neurology are compared, and the main trends in production of new, more specific radiopharmaceuticals for visualizing brain tumors of various degrees of malignancy and diagnosing non-tumor pathologies of the brain are described. The review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of currently used techniques and radiopharmaceuticals for imaging of central nervous system disorders, depending on the clinical situation and specific diagnostic tasks.

In addition, the review presents consolidated recommendations of the leading scientific schools in neuro-oncology on the use of nuclear medicine techniques in patients with brain tumors at the stages of treatment and follow-up. The presented article examines the experience of domestic scientific schools in the development of radiopharmaceuticals for neuro-oncology. The features of the development and use of new radiopharmaceuticals in patients with brain tumors and neurodegenerative diseases are highlighted. The review is based on the analysis of literature included in the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, and RSCI databases. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.