ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2022-2-168-174ssmu-4827Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESАллерген-специфическая иммунотерапия при аллергическом ринитеAllergen-specific immunotherapy in allergic rhinitishttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6673-7556КлимовВ. В.KlimovV. V.

Kлимов Владимир Васильевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой иммунологии и аллергологии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

klimov@mail.tomsknet.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-2402КошкароваН. С.KoshkarovaN. S.

Koшкарова Наталья Сергеевна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра иммунологии и аллергологии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

kasy@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7594-6800СвиридоваВ. С.SviridovaV. S.

Свиридова Валентина Сергеевна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра иммунологии и аллергологии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

VSSviridova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2776-5834КлимовА. В.KlimovA. V.

Kлимов Андрей Владимирович – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент, кафедра оториноларингологии; доцент, кафедра иммунологии и аллергологии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

klimov.lor@mail.ruСибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ)РоссияSiberian State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202218072022212168174Copyright © Климов В.В., Кошкарова Н.С., Свиридова В.С., Климов А.В., 20222022Климов В.В., Кошкарова Н.С., Свиридова В.С., Климов А.В.Klimov V.V., Koshkarova N.S., Sviridova V.S., Klimov A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/4827

Настоящий обзор фокусирован на аллерген-специфической иммунотерапии (АСИТ), методе лечения атопических болезней, включающих аллергический ринит. Рассматриваются теоретические и практические основы, перспективы развития, показания и противопоказания к АСИТ, особенности выполнения процедур АСИТ при аллергическом рините и толерогенные эффекты иммунотерапии. Отмечены преимущества и недостатки каждого из двух предпочтительных методов введения аллергенов, подкожного и подъязычного. Главной целью дальнейшего усовершенствования АСИТ является укорочение продолжительности протоколов лечения без существенной потери эффективности, создание более надежного профиля безопасности и распространение АСИТ в развивающихся странах.

The review focuses on allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), a treatment method for atopic diseases, including allergic rhinitis. The theoretical and practical basics, development prospects, indications and contraindications to AIT, peculiarities of AIT execution in allergic rhinitis, and tolerogenic effects of immunotherapy are considered. Advantages and disadvantages of each of the two preferable routes of allergen administration in AIT, subcutaneous and sublingual, are described. The main goals of further AIT advancement include shortening of treatment protocols with no significant loss of efficacy, creation of a safer adverse effect profile, and distribution of AIT in developing countries.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.