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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2022-4-140-149</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-5034</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспрессия скавенджер-рецепторов CD163, CD204 и CD206 на макрофагах у больных туберкулезом легких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Expression of scavenger receptors CD163, CD204, and CD206 on macrophages in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8509-9921</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурина</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churina</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чурина Елена Георгиевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры патофизиологии, СибГМУ; профессор кафедры природных соединений, фармацевтической и медицинской химии, НИ ТГУ</p><p>634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050, </p><p>36, Lenina Av., Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lena1236@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попова Анжелика Владимировна – аспирант, кафедра патофизиологии</p><p>634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anjelika.sitnikova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-8879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уразова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Urazova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уразова Ольга Ивановна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, заведующая кафедрой патофизиологии</p><p>634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">urazova72@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5758-7330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Патышева</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Patysheva</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Патышева Марина Ринатовна – младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория биологии опухолевой прогрессии, НИИ онкологии Томского НИМЦ; младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория трансляционной клеточной и молекулярной биомедицины, НИ ТГУ</p><p>634009, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5,</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>36, Lenina Av., Tomsk, 634050, </p><p>5, Kooperativny Str., Tomsk, 634009</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marinapatysh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7156-2471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колобовникова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolobovnikova</surname><given-names>Ju. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колобовникова Юлия Владимировна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры патофизиологии</p><p>634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolobovnikova.julia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3468-6154</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумакова</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumakova</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чумакова Светлана Петровна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры патофизиологии</p><p>634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chmakova_s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ); Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет (НИ ТГУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University;&#13;
National Research Tomsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет (НИ ТГУ); Научно-исследовательский институт (НИИ) онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр (НИМЦ) Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk State University;&#13;
Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>140</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чурина Е.Г., Попова А.В., Уразова О.И., Патышева М.Р., Колобовникова Ю.В., Чумакова С.П., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чурина Е.Г., Попова А.В., Уразова О.И., Патышева М.Р., Колобовникова Ю.В., Чумакова С.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Churina E.G., Popova A.V., Urazova O.I., Patysheva M.R., Kolobovnikova J.V., Chumakova S.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/5034">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/5034</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – оценка экспрессии скавенджер-рецепторов (CD163, CD204, CD206) на макрофагах у больных туберкулезом легких в зависимости от клинической формы заболевания и чувствительности возбудителя к противотуберкулезным средствам.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследованы 64 пациента с туберкулезом легких (ТБ): 40 мужчин и 24 женщины, из которых 26 человек с диссеминированным туберкулезом легких (ДТБ) и 38 – с инфильтративным туберкулезом легких (ИТБ). Из них было 42 пациента, выделяющих Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT), чувствительные к основным противотуберкулезным средствам (ПТС), и 22 пациента, выделяющих MBT, устойчивые к лекарственным средствам основного ряда противотуберкулезной терапии. Материалом исследования являлась венозная кровь. Для выделения моноцитов из цельной крови с целью их трансформации в макрофаги использовали метод центрифугирования в градиенте фиколла плотностью 1,077 г/см3 с последующей иммуномагнитной сепарацией CD14+ клеток. Моноциты культивировали в полной питательной среде X-VIVO 10 with gentamicin and phenol red с добавлением колониестимулирующего фактора макрофагов (M-CSF) (5 нг/мл) в концентрации 1 × 106 клеток/мл со стимуляторами: интерлейкином (IL) 4 (10 нг/мл) и интерфероном (IFN) γ (100 нг/мл). Иммунофенотипирование макрофагов проводили с использованием моноклональных антител к CD163, CD204, CD206 на проточном цитометре Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX LX. Анализ полученных данных осуществляли при помощи программного приложения CytExpert 2.0. Полученные результаты анализировали статистическими методами.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Переключение фенотипа макрофагов с провоспалительного М1 на противовоспалительный М2, установленное нами в ходе настоящего исследования, способствует хроническому течению туберкулеза легких, диссеминации и персистенции инфекции. Мы проанализировали особенности экспрессии скавенджер-рецепторов CD163, CD204 и CD206 на макрофагах у больных туберкулезом легких. Анализ экспрессии скавенджер-рецепторов на макрофагах показал значимое увеличение численности CD163, CD204 и CD206-позитивных клеток у больных ТБ независимо от клинической формы заболевания и лекарственной чувствительности M. tuberculosis к ПТС по сравнению с группой здоровых доноров.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Исследование механизмов, лежащих в основе M1- или M2-активации макрофагов, необходимо для более глубокого понимания иммунопатогенеза туберкулезной инфекции и роли клеток врожденного иммунитета в защите организма от микобактерий. Анализ экспрессии скавенджер-рецепторов CD163, CD204 и CD206 на макрофагах позволил нам прийти к заключению, что при туберкулезе легких, особенно у больных с лекарственной устойчивостью M. tuberculosis и при инфильтративной форме заболевания, реализуются механизмы регуляции, подавляющие активацию врожденного иммунитета, c поляризацией дифференцировки макрофагов в направлении М2-фенотипа, что, вероятно, является причиной формирования иммунодефицита, индуцированного возбудителем.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of scavenger receptors (CD163, CD204, CD206) on macrophages in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, depending on the clinical form of the disease and sensitivity of the pathogen to anti-tuberculosis drugs.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 64 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) were examined: 26 patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis (DTB) and 38 patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (ITB). Of these, 42 patients secreted Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) sensitive to basic antituberculosis drugs (ATBD), and 22 patients secreted MBT resistant to first-line anti-TB drugs. Material for the study was venous blood. To isolate monocytes from the whole blood in order to transform them into macrophages, Ficoll density gradient centrifugation with a density of 1.077 g / cm3 was used followed by immunomagnetic separation of CD14+ cells. Monocytes were cultured in the X-VIVO 10 medium with gentamicin and phenol red with the addition of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) (5 ng / ml) at a concentration of 1×106 cells / ml with stimulators: interleukin (IL)-4 (10 ng / ml) and interferon (IFN) γ (100 ng / ml). Immunophenotyping of macrophages was performed using monoclonal antibodies to CD163, CD204, and CD206 on the Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX LX Flow Cytometer. The analysis of the obtained data was carried out using the CytExpert 2.0 software. The results were analyzed using statistical methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Switching the phenotype of macrophages from the M1-like proinflammatory phenotype to M2-like antiinflammatory one contributes to the chronic course of pulmonary TB, dissemination, and persistence of infection. In the present study, we analyzed the features of the expression of CD163, CD204, and CD206 scavenger receptors on macrophages in patients with pulmonary TB. An increase in the number of macrophages carrying markers of the M2 subpopulation (CD163, CD204, and CD206) on their surface was noted, regardless of the clinical form of pulmonary TB and drug resistance of M. tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Studying the mechanisms underlying M1 or M2 activation of macrophages is necessary for a deeper understanding of the immunopathogenesis of TB and the role of innate immunity cells in protecting the body from mycobacteria. The analysis of the expression of scavenger receptors CD163, CD204, and CD206 on macrophages allowed to conclude that, in pulmonary TB, especially in patients with drug resistant M. tuberculosis and infiltrative TB, regulatory mechanisms that suppress the activation of innate immunity are implemented together with polarization of macrophage differentiation towards the M2 phenotype. It may be the cause of immune deficiency induced by the pathogen.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>туберкулез легких</kwd><kwd>врожденный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>иммунный ответ</kwd><kwd>скавенджер-рецепторы</kwd><kwd>IL-4</kwd><kwd>IFNγ</kwd><kwd>CD163</kwd><kwd>CD204</kwd><kwd>CD206</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>pulmonary tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>innate immunity</kwd><kwd>immune response</kwd><kwd>scavenger receptors</kwd><kwd>IL-4</kwd><kwd>IFNγ</kwd><kwd>CD163</kwd><kwd>CD204</kwd><kwd>CD206</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Совета по грантам Президента Российской Федерации для ведущих научных школ (НШ-2690.2018.7) и РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 19-315-90018</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by the Council for Grants of the President of the Russian Federation for leading scientific schools (SS-2690.2018.7) and the RFBR grant, project number 19-315-90018</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davies L.C., Taylor P.R. 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