ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2023-3-150-158ssmu-5321Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESМетаболический потенциал микробиоты на фоне гельминтной инвазии как инструмент управления бронхиальной астмойMetabolic potential of gut microbiota in helminth infections as a way to achieve bronchial asthma controlhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-0733СоколоваТ. С.SokolovaT. S.

Соколова Татьяна Сергеевна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

sokolova.ts@ssmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0083-3398МальчукВ. Н.MalchukV. N.

Мальчук Виктория Николаевна – аспирант, кафедра факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

malchuk.viktoriya@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6837-324XЗайцеваА. Д.ZaytsevaA. D.

Зайцева Анастасия Денисовна – студент, 4-й курс, педиатрический факультет

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

anastasiazaytseva022@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7130-9609ФедороваО. С.FedorovaO. S.

Федорова Ольга Сергеевна – доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

olga.sergeevna.fedorova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7109-9955КарповаМ. Р.KarpovaM. R.

Карпова Мария Ростиславовна, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой микробиологии и вирусологии 

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

karpova.mr@ssmu.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ФГБОУ ВО СибГМУ Минздрава России)РоссияSiberian State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202318102023223150158Copyright © Соколова Т.С., Мальчук В.Н., Зайцева А.Д., Федорова О.С., Карпова М.Р., 20232023Соколова Т.С., Мальчук В.Н., Зайцева А.Д., Федорова О.С., Карпова М.Р.Sokolova T.S., Malchuk V.N., Zaytseva A.D., Fedorova O.S., Karpova M.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/5321

Цель – провести анализ современных экспериментальных и клинических исследований, направленных на оценку метаболической активности микробиоты при бронхиальной астме (БА) и гельминтных инвазиях.

Бронхиальная астма относится к числу глобальных проблем здравоохранения, имеющих большую социально-экономическую значимость, является одним из самых распространенных хронических гетерогенных заболеваний дыхательных путей. В последние годы накоплено множество данных, указывающих на то, что состояние микробиоты кишечника является одним из важнейших факторов, определяющих состояние здоровья человека, в том числе влияющих на иммунные механизмы развития аллергических болезней в детском возрасте. Дисбиотическое состояние микробиоты кишечника обусловлено не только изменениями структуры, но и нарушениями ее метаболизма. В соответствии концепцией «ось кишечник – легкие» поддержание нормальной микробиоты кишечника, коррекция ее нарушений, в том числе стратегии, направленные на активацию синтеза короткоцепочечных жирных кислот в кишечнике, могут стать новым способом профилактики и лечения хронических респираторных заболеваний у детей. В свою очередь, в экспериментальных и эпидемиологических исследованиях показана иммуномодулирующая способность гельминтов. Предполагается, что воздействие на состав и функцию кишечного микробиома является одним из механизмов, посредством которых гельминты влияют на иммунный ответ организма хозяина и течение БА.

The aim of the review was to analyze modern experimental studies and clinical trials aimed at assessing metabolic activity of gut microbiota in bronchial asthma (BA) and helminth infections.

Being one of the most common chronic heterogeneous respiratory diseases, bronchial asthma secures its place among global health problems of great socioeconomic importance. In recent years, a lot of data has been accumulated indicating that the state of gut microbiota is an important factor determining the state of human health and affecting immune mechanisms underlying the development of allergic diseases in childhood. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is due not only to changes in its composition, but also to disturbances in its metabolism. In accordance with the “gut – lung axis” concept, maintaining healthy gut microbiota and correcting its disorders, including strategies aimed at activating synthesis of short-chain fatty acids in the intestine, may become a new way to prevent and treat chronic respiratory diseases in childhood. In turn, experimental and epidemiological studies have shown the immunomodulatory activity of helminths. It is assumed that their impact on the composition and function of gut microbiota is one of the mechanisms by which helminths influence the immune response of the host and the course of BA.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.