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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2023-4-137-146</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-5430</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фенотипы синдрома коронарной микрососудистой обструкции (no-reflow), развивающегося в ходе выполнения чрескожных коронарных вмешательств при инфаркте миокарда</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phenotypes of coronary microvascular obstruction phenomenon (no-reflow) during percutaneous coronary interventions in myocardial infarction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-7563</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролов Алексей Александрович – канд. мед наук, ассистент, кафедра госпитальной хирургии им. Б.А. Королева, ПИМУ; врач, отделение рентгенохирургических методов диагностики и лечения, ГКБ № 13 Автозаводского района Нижнего Новгорода</p><p>603950, БОКС-470, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1,</p><p>, 603018, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Патриотов, 51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10/1, Minin and Pozharskysq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, BOX-470,</p><p>51, Patriotov Str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">frolov-al-al@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2955-304X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролов Игорь Александрович – врач, отделение рентгенохирургических методов диагностики и лечения</p><p>, 603018, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Патриотов, 51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51, Patriotov Str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.iafrolov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5107-6051</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уланова</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulanova</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уланова Нина Дмитриевна – врач, приемное отделение</p><p>, 603018, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Патриотов, 51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51, Patriotov Str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulanova.nina.1996@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5709-0703</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Починка</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pochinka</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Починка Илья Григорьевич – д-р мед. наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой эндокринологии и внутренних болезней, ПИМУ; зав. кардиологическим отделением, ГКБ № 13 Автозаводского района Нижнего Новгорода</p><p>603950, БОКС-470, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1,</p><p>, 603018, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Патриотов, 51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10/1, Minin and Pozharskysq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, BOX-470,</p><p>51, Patriotov Str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pochinka4@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1513-0313</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмичев</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmichev</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьмичев Кирилл Владимирович – ассистент, кафедра эндокринологии и внутренних болезней, ПИМУ; врач, приемное отделение, ГКБ № 13 Автозаводского района Нижнего Новгорода</p><p>603950, БОКС-470, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1,</p><p>, 603018, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Патриотов, 51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10/1, Minin and Pozharskysq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, BOX-470,</p><p>51, Patriotov Str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kir2010k@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2336-8900</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мухин Алексей Станиславович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой госпитальной хирургии им. Б.А. Королева</p><p>603950, БОКС-470, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10/1, Minin and Pozharskysq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, BOX-470</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.mukhin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5326-7233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарабрин</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharabrin</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарабрин Евгений Георгиевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор, кафедра рентгеноэндоваскулярной диагностики и лечения ФДПО</p><p>603950, БОКС-470, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10/1, Minin and Pozharskysq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, BOX-470</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sharabrin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет (ПИМУ);&#13;
Городская клиническая больница (ГКБ) № 13 Автозаводского района Нижнего Новгорода</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Research Medical University;&#13;
City Clinical Hospital No. 13 of the Nizhny Novgorod Avtozavodsky District</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница (ГКБ) № 13 Автозаводского района Нижнего Новгорода</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital No. 13 of the Nizhny Novgorod Avtozavodsky District</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет (ПИМУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>137</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фролов А.А., Фролов И.А., Уланова Н.Д., Починка И.Г., Кузьмичев К.В., Мухин А.С., Шарабрин Е.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фролов А.А., Фролов И.А., Уланова Н.Д., Починка И.Г., Кузьмичев К.В., Мухин А.С., Шарабрин Е.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Frolov A.A., Frolov I.A., Ulanova N.D., Pochinka I.G., Kuzmichev K.V., Mukhin A.S., Sharabrin E.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/5430">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/5430</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: используя метод кластеризации, определить и охарактеризовать клинико-патогенетические фенотипы феномена коронарной микрососудистой обструкции (КМСО), возникающего при выполнении чрескожных коронарных вмешательств (ЧКВ) у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда (ИМ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Включены 190 больных с КМСО в ходе ЧКВ при ИМ I типа в 2013–2020. Критерии КМСО: кровоток &lt; 3 баллов в инфаркт-ответственной артерии (ИОА) по TIMI flow grade (TFG); перфузия &lt; 2 баллов по Myocardial blush grade; резолюция сегмента ST &lt; 70%. Медиана возраста – 64 [56; 70] лет, 137 (72%) мужчин, 53 (28%) женщин. ИМ с подъемом ST (ИМпST) у 170 больных (89%). Первичное ЧКВ в 127 (67%) случаях. Cкончались 9 пациентов (4,7%). Фенотипирование с помощью EM (англ. expectationmaximization) алгоритма кластеризации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлены три кластера в соотношении 56% (n = 106) / 27% (n = 52) / 17% (n = 32). Значение параметров, соответственно: возраст 62 [54; 67] / 73 [67; 79] / 59 [50; 65] года; женщины 8 (8%) / 39 (77%) / 6 (19%); ИМпST 102 (96%) / 43 (83%) / 25 (78%); тромболитическая терапия 46 (43%) / 6 (12%) / 11 (34%); острая сердечная недостаточность 1 [1; 2] / 2 [1; 4] / 2 [2; 2] класса; отношение тромбоцитов к лимфоцитам 110 [78; 153] / 106 [85; 132] / 132 [100; 182]; глюкоза при поступлении 8,0 [6,9; 9,6] / 11,1 [8,8; 15,2] / 7,5 [6,1; 8,1] ммоль/л; общий холестерин 4,7 [4,2; 5,4] / 5,3 [3,7; 6,2] / 5,1 [4,5; 6,2] ммоль/л; скорость клубочковой фильтрации по CKD-EPI 77 [64; 88] / 58 [46; 74] / 81 [64; 88] мл/мин/1,73м2; Syntax Score 15 [10; 21] / 20 [14; 26] / 8 [5; 10] баллов; Syntax Score в ИОА 9 [8; 15] / 12 [7; 16] / 6 [3; 7] баллов; коллатерали по Rentrop 0 [0; 1] / 0 [0; 1] / 0 [0; 0] степени; тромбоз ИОА по TIMI thrombus grade 5 [5; 5] / 5 [3; 5] / 1 [0; 2] степени; TFG 0 [0; 0] / 0 [0; 1] / 2 [2; 3] степени; аспирационная тромбэктомия 30 (28%) / 7 (13%) / 4 (13%); баллонная ангиопластика 99 (93%) / 45 (87%) / 16 (50%); диаметр ИОА 3,5 [3,0; 3,5] / 3,0 [2,8; 3,5] / 3,5 [3,0; 3,5] мм; ЧКВ двух и более артерий 0 (0%) / 4 (8%) / 3 (9). Смертельные исходы – 2 (1,9%), 7 (13,5%) и 0 (0%) пациентов соответственно (p = 0,002, χ2-Pearson).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Определены три фенотипа. Фенотип 1: выраженный тромбоз ИОА, преимущественно мужчины, умеренное атеросклеротическое поражение. Фенотип 2: преимущественно женщины старческого возраста, высокая гипергликемия, выраженное атеросклеротическое поражение, тяжелая сердечная недостаточность, нарушенная функция почек, тромбоз ИОА. Фенотип 3: преимущественно мужчины, незначительные изменения коронарных артерий, отсутствие значимого тромбоза и сохраненный кровоток в ИОА до ЧКВ, повышенные уровни маркеров воспаления и общего холестерина.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: using the clustering method, to determine and describe the clinical and pathogenetic phenotypes of the coronary microvascular obstruction phenomenon (CMVO) that occurs during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: the study group included 190 patients with CMVO that occurred during PCI for type 1 MI. Participants admitted in 2013-2020. CMVO criteria: blood flow &lt; 3 points in the infarct-related artery (IRA) according to TIMI flow grade (TFG); perfusion &lt; 2 points for Myocardial blush grade; ST segment resolution &lt; 70%. Median age – 64 [56; 70] years, 137 (72%) men, 53 (28%) women. MI with ST elevation (STEMI) in 170 patients (89%). Primary PCI in 127 (67%) cases. Nine patients (4.7%) have died. Phenotyping was performed using the EM (expectation-maximization) clustering algorithm.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: three phenotypes have been identified in a ratio of 56% (n = 106) / 27% (n = 52) / 17% (n = 32). The values of the parameters are respectively: age 62 [54; 67] / 73 [67; 79] / 59 [50; 65] years; women 8 (8%) / 39 (77%) / 6 (19%); STEMI 102 (96%) / 43 (83%) / 25 (78%); thrombolysis 46 (43%) / 6 (12%) / 11 (34%); acute heart failure 1 [1; 2] / 2 [1; 4] / 2 [2; 2] class; platelet to lymphocyte ratio 110 [78; 153] / 106 [85; 132] / 132 [100; 182]; glucose at admission 8,0 [6,9; 9,6] / 11,1 [8,8; 15,2] / 7,5 [6,1; 8,1] mmol/l; total cholesterol 4,7 [4,2; 5,4] / 5,3 [3,7; 6,2] / 5,1 [4,5; 6,2] mmol/l; glomerular filtration rate according to CKD-EPI 77 [64; 88] / 58 [46; 74] / 81 [64; 88] ml/min/1.73m2; Syntax Score 15 [10; 21] / 20 [14; 26] / 8 [5; 10] points; Syntax Score in IRA 9 [8; 15] / 12 [7; 16] / 6 [3; 7] points; collaterals according to Rentrop 0 [0; 1] / 0 [0; 1] / 0 [0; 0] degree; TIMI thrombus grade 5 [5; 5]/ 5 [3; 5] / 1 [0; 2] degree; TFG 0 [0; 0] / 0 [0; 1] / 2 [2; 3] degree; aspiration thrombectomy 30 (28%) / 7 (13%) /4 (13%); IRA diameter 3,5 [3,0; 3,5] / 3,0 [2,8; 3,5] / 3,5 [3,0; 3,5] mm; balloon angioplasty 99 (93%) / 45 (87%) /16 (50%); PCI of 2 or more arteries 0 (0%) / 4 (8%) / 3 (9). Deaths – 2 (1.9%), 7 (13.5%) and 0 (0%) patients, respectively (p = 0.002, χ2-Pearson).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Тhree phenotypes have been identified. First phenotype: severe IRA thrombosis, mostly men, moderate atherosclerotic lesions. Second phenotype: mostly elderly women, high hyperglycemia, severe atherosclerotic lesions, severe AHF, impaired renal function, IRA thrombosis. Third phenotype: mostly men, minor changes in the coronary arteries, absence of significant thrombosis and preserved blood flow in the IRA before PCI, elevated levels of inflammatory markers and total cholesterol.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>коронарная микрососудистая обструкция</kwd><kwd>no-reflow</kwd><kwd>чрескожное коронарное вмешательство</kwd><kwd>кластеризация</kwd><kwd>фенотипирование</kwd><kwd>клинико-патогенетические фенотипы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>No-Reflow Phenomenon</kwd><kwd>Myocardial Infarction</kwd><kwd>Percutaneous Coronary Intervention</kwd><kwd>Cluster Analysis</kwd><kwd>Classification</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках программы «Приоритет 2030»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed within the Priority 2030 program</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ciofani J.L., Allahwala U.K., Scarsini R., Ekmejian A., Banning A.P., Bhindi R. et al. 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