ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2024-1-116-125ssmu-5534Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESСовременные возможности магнитно-резонансной диагностики рассеянного склероза. Обзор литературыModern possibilities of MRI-based diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Literature reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8812-4168ДегтяревИ. Ю.DegtyarevI. Yu.

Дегтярев Илья Юрьевич – ассистент, кафедра лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Тrakt, Tomsk, 634050

ilya.degtyarev.4201@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6231-7650ЗавадовскаяВ. Д.ZavadovskayaV. D.

Завадовская Вера Дмитриевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, и.о. зав. кафедрой лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Тrakt, Tomsk, 634050

wdzaw@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1316-5421КуражовА. П.KurazhovA. P.

Куражов Алексей Петрович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, кафедра лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Тrakt, Tomsk, 634050

kurazhovap@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0025-2147ЗоркальцевМ. А.ZorkaltsevM. A.

Зоркальцев Максим Александрович – д-р мед. наук, доцент, кафедра лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Тrakt, Tomsk, 634050

zorkaltsev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-3223АлифироваВ. М.AlifirovaV. M.

Алифирова Валентина Михайловна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой неврологии и нейрохирургии

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Тrakt, Tomsk, 634050

v_alifirova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-8564СухановаК. С.SukhanovaK. S.

Суханова Кристина Сергеевна – врач-рентгенолог

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Тrakt, Tomsk, 634050

athos227930@gmail.comСибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ)РоссияSiberian State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202411042024231116125Copyright © Дегтярев И.Ю., Завадовская В.Д., Куражов А.П., Зоркальцев М.А., Алифирова В.М., Суханова К.С., 20242024Дегтярев И.Ю., Завадовская В.Д., Куражов А.П., Зоркальцев М.А., Алифирова В.М., Суханова К.С.Degtyarev I.Y., Zavadovskaya V.D., Kurazhov A.P., Zorkaltsev M.A., Alifirova V.M., Sukhanova K.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/5534

Рассеянный склероз остается наиболее часто встречаемым демиелинизирующим заболеванием центральной нервной системы и занимает первое место среди неврологических заболеваний, приводящих к инвалидизации лиц молодого возраста. Наиболее важной лучевой модальностью с диагностической и прогностической точек зрения, особенно на ранней стадии заболевания, является магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ), которая в настоящее время остается единственным методом, позволяющим исследовать центральную нервную систему на всем протяжении in vivo.

В настоящем обзоре приведены литературные данные о современных достижениях магнитно-резонансной диагностики рассеянного склероза. Ключевое внимание уделяется таким ее перспективным аспектам, как оценка атрофии головного и спинного мозга, оценка перфузии головного мозга и диффузионно-тензорная МРТ. Внедрение данных подходов в МРТ помогает приблизить решение проблемы ранней диагностики рассеянного склероза и повысить информативность оценки клинического ответа на проводимую терапию.

Multiple sclerosis remains the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and ranks first among neurological diseases that lead to disability in young people. The most important diagnostic and prognostic marker, especially at an early stage of the disease, is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which currently remains the only method that allows to explore the entire central nervous system in vivo.

The review presents literature data on modern achievements in MRI-based diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Key attention is paid to such promising methods as assessment of brain and spinal cord atrophy, brain perfusion MRI, and diffusion tensor imaging. Implementation of these approaches in MRI can help solve the problem of early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and determine more reliable markers of a response to ongoing therapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.