ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2024-2-151-161ssmu-5673Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESНизшие обезьяны как модельный объект изучения метаболического синдромаMonkeys excluding apes as a model for studies on metabolic syndromehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6080-8042ОрловС. В.OrlovS. V.

Орлов Сергей Владимирович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, член.-корр. РАН; науч. руководитель 

354376, г. Сочи, Адлерский р-н, с. Весёлое, ул. Мира, стр. 177;199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7-9

177, Mira Str., Vesyoloe Village, Adler District, Sochi, Krasnoyarsk Region, 354376;7/9, Universitetskaya Embankment, Saint Petersburg, 199034 

Orloff-sv@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6434-1267УспенскийЮ. П.UspenskyYu. P.

Успенский Юрий Павлович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой факультетской терапии им. профессора В.А. Вальдмана 

194100, г. Санкт-Петербург, Литовская ул., 2

2, Litovskaya Str., Saint Petersburg, 194100

uspenskiy65@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2436-3813ФоминыхЮ. А.FominykhYu. A.

Фоминых Юлия Александровна – д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры факультетской терапии им. профессора В.А. Вальдмана; зам. декана по учебной и методической работе 

194100, г. Санкт-Петербург, Литовская ул., 2;197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2

2, Litovskaya Str., Saint Petersburg, 194100;2, Akkuratova Str., Saint Petersburg 197341

jaf@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9440-5145КолесникЮ. А.KolesnikYu. A.

Колесник Юлия Анатольевна – науч. сотрудник; лаборатория патологической анатомии 

354376, г. Сочи, Адлерский р-н, с. Весёлое, ул. Мира, стр. 177;199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7-9

177, Mira Str., Vesyoloe Village, Adler District, Sochi, Krasnoyarsk Region, 354376;7/9, Universitetskaya Embankment, Saint Petersburg, 199034 

j.kolesnick2010@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5346-7646ПанченкоА. В.PanchenkoA. V.

Панченко Андрей Владимирович – д-р мед. наук, гл. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория молекулярной биологии 

354376, г. Сочи, Адлерский р-н, с. Весёлое, ул. Мира, стр. 177;199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7-9

177, Mira Str., Vesyoloe Village, Adler District, Sochi, Krasnoyarsk Region, 354376;7/9, Universitetskaya Embankment, Saint Petersburg, 199034 

ando_pan@mail.ruКурчатовский комплекс медицинской приматологии «Национальный исследовательский центр (НИЦ) «Курчатовский институт» ; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет (СПбГУРоссияKurchatov Complex for Medical Primatology, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute; Saint Petersburg State UniversityRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет (СПбГПМУ)РоссияSaint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversityRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет (СПбГПМУ); Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр (НМИЦ) им. В.А. АлмазоваРоссияSaint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University; Almazov National Medical Research CenterRussian Federation202411072024232151161Copyright © Орлов С.В., Успенский Ю.П., Фоминых Ю.А., Колесник Ю.А., Панченко А.В., 20242024Орлов С.В., Успенский Ю.П., Фоминых Ю.А., Колесник Ю.А., Панченко А.В.Orlov S.V., Uspensky Y.P., Fominykh Y.A., Kolesnik Y.A., Panchenko A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/5673

Цель работы – обобщение результатов исследований по изучению метаболического синдрома на низших обезьянах, проведение сравнительной характеристики с человеком.Осуществлен поиск полнотекстовых публикаций в базах данных PubMed, Scopus по ключевым словам: nonhuman primate, monkey, obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, insulin, atherosclerosis, hypertension. Отобраны статьи, описывающие эксперименты с участием следующих видов обезьян: яванские макаки (Macaca fascicularis), макаки-резус (Macaca mulatta), павианы (Papio sp.), африканские зеленые мартышки (Cercopithecus aethiops), обыкновенные игрунки (Callithrix jacchus). Развитие различных критериев метаболического синдрома показано у всех рассмотренных видов обезьян. При этом имеется много сходных с людьми черт: у макак с ожирением, инсулинорезистентностью и сахарным диабетом 2-го типа выявляются повышение уровня общего холестерина, триглицеридов и свободных жирных кислот, снижение концентрации холестерина липопротеидов высокой плотности. Предвестником нарушения углеводного метаболизма являются ожирение и инсулинорезистентность, по мере прогрессирования которой также увеличивается артериальное давление. В развитии метаболического синдрома немаловажным является сходство между людьми и обезьянами генетических и средовых факторов. Возможность использовать обезьян в качестве биомодели человека остается незаменимым ресурсом для изучения патогенеза, оценки эффективности и безопасности новых терапевтических стратегий, направленных на клинически важные метаболические заболевания, включая ожирение, дислипидемию, атеросклероз, сахарный диабет 2-го типа и прочие состояния, ассоциированные с метаболической дисфункцией.

Aim. To summarize the results of research on metabolic syndrome in monkeys excluding apes and to conduct a comparison with humans.A search for full-text publications in PubMed and Scopus databases was carried out using the following keywords: nonhuman primate, monkey, obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, insulin, atherosclerosis, hypertension. Articles were selected that describe studies involving the following monkey species: cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), baboons (Papio sp.), grivets (Cercopithecus aethiops), and common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). The development of various metabolic syndrome criteria was demonstrated in all monkey species reviewed. Many similarities with humans were revealed: macaques with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus demonstrated an increase in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and free fatty acids and a decrease in the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Obesity and insulin resistance were precursors to impaired carbohydrate metabolism. Blood pressure increased along with the progression of insulin resistance. The similarity of genetic and environmental risk factors between humans and monkeys is important in the development of metabolic syndrome. The reviewed data suggest that the use of monkeys in biomedical research remains an indispensable resource for the study of pathogenesis and assessment of the efficacy and safety of new therapeutic strategies targeting clinically important metabolic diseases, including obesity, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and, possibly, other conditions associated with metabolic syndrome.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.