ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2025-1-105-113ssmu-5969Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL PAPERSИсследование микробиоты кишечника у больных холангиокарциномойStudy of gut microbiota in cholangiocarcinoma patientshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7130-9609ФедороваО. С.FedorovaO. S.

Федорова Ольга Сергеевна – д-р мед. наук, зав. кафедрой факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней 

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

olga.sergeevna.fedorova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6116-8323КовширинаА. Е.KovshirinaA. Е.

Ковширина Анна Евгеньевна – ассистент, кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней с курсом терапии педиатрического факультета 

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

anna.evgenjevna.kovshirina@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-0733СоколоваТ. С.SokolovaT. S.

Соколова Татьяна Сергеевна – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней 

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

sokolova.ts@ssmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-7416-5017КуленичВ. В.KulenichV. V.

Куленич Виктория Владимировна – лаборант-исследователь, научно-образовательная лаборатория «Живая лаборатория популяционных исследований» 

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

kulenich.vv@ssmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2962-1076ОгородоваЛ. М.OgorodovaL. M.

Огородова Людмила Михайловна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, кафедра факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней 

634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2

2, Moscow Trakt, Tomsk, 634050

ogorodova.lm@ssmu.ruСибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ)РоссияSiberian State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202516042025241105113Copyright © Федорова О.С., Ковширина А.Е., Соколова Т.С., Куленич В.В., Огородова Л.М., 20252025Федорова О.С., Ковширина А.Е., Соколова Т.С., Куленич В.В., Огородова Л.М.Fedorova O.S., Kovshirina A.Е., Sokolova T.S., Kulenich V.V., Ogorodova L.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/5969

Цель исследования: проанализировать таксономический состав кишечной микробиоты у пациентов с холангиокарциномой (ХК) по сравнению с индивидуумами без онкопатологии. Материалы и методы. В исследование включены пациенты с гистологически верифицированной холангиокарциномой (n = 30) и контрольная группа (n = 27). Для решения задач данного проекта использован комплексный подход, включающий клинико-анамнестические, лабораторные и инструментальные методы. Исследование микробиоты кишечника выполнено методом ампликонного секвенирования гена бактериальной 16S pРНК.Результаты. При оценке альфа- и бета-разнообразия микробиоты у пациентов с ХК в сравнении с контрольной группой значимых различий не выявлено. Сравнительный анализ показал изменения в представленности ряда микроорганизмов на разных таксономических уровнях, в том числе более высокое содержание Bacteroides и Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group у пациентов с ХК. Также определены бактерии, оказывающие влияние на изменение глобального баланса микроорганизмов в образцах для пациентов с ХК ([Ruminococcus]_torques_group, Subdoligranulum, Parasutterella, неклассифицированные Firmicutes), и контроля (Oscillospiraceae и Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-006). Заключение. В результате исследования выявлен ряд значимых различий в представленности бактерий у пациентов с холангиокарциномой в сравнении с участниками контрольной группы. Дальнейшие исследования кишечной микробиоты представляют перспективу для разработки неинвазивных инструментов ранней диагностики ХК.

Aim. To analyze the taxonomic composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and compare it to individuals without oncopathology. Materials and methods. The study included patients with histologically verified cholangiocarcinoma (n = 30) and a control group (n = 27). An integrated approach was used, including clinical and anamnestic, laboratory, and instrumental methods. The intestinal microbiota was studied through amplicon sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Results. The assessment of alpha- and beta-diversity of the microbiota in patients with CCA did not show any significant differences compared to the control group. However, a comparative analysis revealed changes in the representation of a number of microorganisms at different taxonomic levels, including a higher content of Bacteroides and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group in patients with CCA. Additionally, bacteria that influence the change in the global balance of microorganisms were identified in both groups, such as [Ruminococcus]_torques_group, Subdoligranulum, Parasutterella, unclassified Firmicutes in samples of patients with CCA and Oscillospiraceae and Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-006 in the control group. Conclusion. The study found a number of significant differences in bacterial representation between patients with cholangiocarcinoma and control group participants. Further research on the intestinal microbiota has the potential to develop non-invasive tools for early diagnosis of CCA.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.