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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2026-1-15-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-6392</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности провоспалительного фенотипа жировой ткани при экспериментальном метаболическом синдроме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the proinflammatory adipose tissue phenotype in experimental metabolic syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1237-9786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бирулина</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Birulina</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бирулина Юлия Георгиевна – канд. биол. наук, доцент, кафедра биофизики и функциональной диагностики</p><p> Россия, 634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">birulina20@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9478-3429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронкова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронкова Ольга Владимировна – д-р мед. наук, зав. кафедрой биологии и генетики</p><p> Россия, 634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">voronkova-ov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4008-5606</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернышов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyshov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чернышов Никита Алексеевич – ассистент, кафедра биологии и генетики</p><p>Россия, 634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nchernyschov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9348-4945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов Владимир Владимирович – канд. биол. наук, руководитель, Центр доклинических исследований, ЦНИЛ</p><p>Россия, 634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivanovvv1953@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6714-1938</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буйко</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buyko</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буйко Евгений Евгеньевич – мл. науч. сотрудник, Центр доклинических исследований, ЦНИЛ</p><p>Россия, 634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">buykoevgen@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-4226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Ирина Викторовна – д-р биол. наук, профессор, кафедра биофизики и функциональной диагностики</p><p>Россия, 634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivpetrova57@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0795-0987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзюман</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzyuman</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дзюман Анна Николаевна – канд. мед. наук, доцент, кафедра морфологии и общей патологии</p><p> Россия, 634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dzyman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University (SSMU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бирулина Ю.Г., Воронкова О.В., Чернышов Н.А., Иванов В.В., Буйко Е.Е., Петрова И.В., Дзюман А.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бирулина Ю.Г., Воронкова О.В., Чернышов Н.А., Иванов В.В., Буйко Е.Е., Петрова И.В., Дзюман А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Birulina Y.G., Voronkova O.V., Chernyshov N.A., Ivanov V.V., Buyko E.E., Petrova I.V., Dzyuman A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/6392">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/6392</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Изучение показателей провоспалительной активности жировой ткани в экспериментальной модели метаболического синдрома (МС) у крыс.Материалы и методы. Эксперименты выполняли на самцах крыс линии Вистар, которых содержали на стандартном корме или высокожировой и высокоуглеводной диете (ВЖВУД). У животных из опытной и контрольной групп оценивали физиологические и биохимические показатели; определяли концентрацию секретируемых клетками жировой ткани адипоцитарных гормонов (лептина, адипонектина) и цитокинов: фактора некроза опухоли альфа (TNF-α), интерлейкинов (IL) (IL-6, IL-10), моноцитарного хемотаксического фактора-1 (MCP-1) методом иммуноферментного анализа; исследовали фенотипический профиль клеток жировой ткани по экспрессии маркера CD68 методом иммуногистохимии и уровень экспрессии гена CD68 методом полимеразной цепной реакции. Для анализа и оценки выраженности морфологических изменений проводили гистологическое исследование фрагментов висцеральной жировой ткани.Результаты. Установлено, что у крыс, получавших ВЖВУД, наблюдалась статистически значимая (p &lt; 0,05) корреляция между увеличением массы жировой ткани и повышением концентрации лептина (r = 0,57), глюкозы (r = 0,62), инсулина (r = 0,61) в сыворотке крови. У животных опытной группы концентрация продуцируемых клетками жировой ткани провоспалительных цитокинов IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1 и лептина превышала таковую в контроле (p &lt; 0,05). Наряду с этим у крыс на фоне ВЖВУД было зарегистрировано статистически значимое (p &lt; 0,05) снижение секреции противовоспалительного IL-10 и адипонектина. При гистологическом исследовании у животных опытной группы были выявлены гипертрофия и анизоцитоз адипоцитов, полнокровие венозных сосудов, утолщение прослойки междольковой соединительной ткани. Также у крыс, получавших ВЖВУД, наблюдалось увеличение числа CD68-позитивных клеток в образцах висцерального жира и повышение экспрессии гена CD68.Заключение. При экспериментальном диет-индуцированном МС жировая ткань приобретает провоспалительную активность за счет гипертрофии адипоцитов, инфильтрации иммунокомпетентными клетками (СD68+-макрофагами) и повышенной секреции провоспалительных хемо- и адипокинов (TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, лептина).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To investigate the proinflammatory activity markers of adipose tissue in a rat model of metabolic syndrome (MetS).Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on male Wistar rats maintained on either a standard diet or a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet (HFHCD). Physiological and biochemical parameters were assessed in the respective animal groups. The concentrations of adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) and cytokines: tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-6 and IL-10) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) secreted by adipose tissue cells were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The phenotypic profile of adipose tissue cells expressing the CD68 marker was examined by immunohistochemistry, and the level of CD68 gene expression was additionally assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. A histological examination of visceral adipose tissue fragments was performed.Results. It was found that in rats fed a HFHCD, there was a significant correlation (p &lt; 0.05) between an increase in adipose tissue mass and elevated serum levels of leptin (r = 0.57), glucose (r = 0.62), and insulin (r = 0.61). In the experimental group, the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1) and leptin produced by adipose tissue cells were higher than in the control group (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, we demonstrated that rats fed a HFHCD exhibited a significant (p &lt; 0.05) decrease in the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and adiponectin. Histological examination of the experimental group revealed adipocyte hypertrophy and anisocytosis, venous vessel congestion, and thickening of the interlobular connective tissue layer. Furthermore, rats fed an HFHCD exhibited an increased number of CD68-positive cells in visceral fat samples and elevated CD68 gene expression.Conclusion. Thus, in experimental diet-induced metabolic syndrome, adipose tissue acquires a proinflammatory phenotype due to adipocyte hypertrophy, infiltration by immune-competent cells (CD68+ macrophages), and increased secretion of proinflammatory chemo- and adipokines (TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, and leptin).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>макрофаги</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>macrophages</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания на оказание государственных услуг (соглашение от 23.01.2026 № 056-03-2026-098 с Министерством здравоохранения Российской Федерации).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savulescu-Fiedler I., Mihalcea R., Dragosloveanu S., Scheau C., Baz R.O., Caruntu A. et al. 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