ssmuБюллетень сибирской медициныBulletin of Siberian Medicine1682-03631819-3684Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation10.20538/1682-0363-2026-2-161-172ssmu-6545Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW AND LECTURESСовременные аспекты отдельных механизмов патогенеза сепсисаModern aspects of separate mechanisms of sepsis pathogenesishttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1145-3710НаумоваЛ. А.NaumovaL. A.

Наумова Людмила Алексеевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры патофизиологии и общей патологии, Медицинский институт

Россия, 628412, г. Сургут, ул. Ленина, 1

1 Lenin St., 628412 Surgut, Russian Federation

naumovala@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-0518-1213ЯллыевМ. Б.YallyevM. B.

Яллыев Мудринат Батырсолтанович – аспирант, кафедра патофизиологии и общей патологии, Медицинский институт

Россия, 628412, г. Сургут, ул. Ленина, 1

1 Lenin St., 628412 Surgut, Russian Federation

mudrinat@gmail.comСургутский государственный университет (СурГУ)РоссияSurgut State UniversityRussian Federation202623072026252161172Copyright © Наумова Л.А., Яллыев М.Б., 20262026Наумова Л.А., Яллыев М.Б.Naumova L.A., Yallyev M.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/6545

Цель обзора – анализ непрерывно развивающихся и меняющихся представлений о многочисленных взаимосвязанных механизмах патогенеза сепсиса, формирующихся на их основе новых направлениях исследований и потенциальных подходах к лечению. Проведен поиск с использованием ключевых слов в базе данных PubMed релевантных научных публикаций за период после Третьего международного консенсусного определения сепсиса и септического шока (Sepsis-3).В обзоре рассматриваются современные представления об основных патофизиологичеcких механизмах развития сепсиса, остающегося актуальной проблемой здравоохранения. Накопленные к настоящему времени данные о различных патофизиологических механизмах сепсиса отражают сложность его патогенеза, обусловленную развитием и сосуществованием большого количества разнообразных патологических реакций с широким перекрытием и взаимодействием различных сигнальных клеточных путей, отвечающих как за выживание, так и гибель клеток. При этом исход процесса определяется тонким балансом развивающихся реакций, в частности, балансом между активацией иммунного ответа и иммуносупрессией. Новые направления исследований патогенеза сепсиса сосредоточиваются не только на механизмах модуляции активности иммунной системы, но и на изучении широкого спектра патофизиологических процессов, ассоциирующихся с развитием синдрома полиорганной недостаточности. Соответственно, идет поиск новых терапевтических стратегий, а c признанием сепсиса гетерогенным синдромом – переход к более персонализированным подходам в его лечении.

The objective of the review is to analyze the continuously developing and changing ideas about the numerous interrelated mechanisms of sepsis pathogenesis, new research directions and potential approaches to treatment that are formed on their basis. A search was conducted using keywords in the PubMed database of relevant scientific publications for the period after the Third International Consensus Definition of Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3).The review considers modern concepts of the main pathophysiological mechanisms of sepsis development, which remains a pressing health problem. The data accumulated to date on various pathophysiological mechanisms of sepsis reflect the complexity of its pathogenesis, caused by the development and coexistence of a large number of diverse pathological reactions with wide overlap and interaction of various signaling cellular pathways responsible for both cell survival and death. In this case, the outcome of the process is determined by the delicate balance of developing reactions, in particular the balance between activation of the immune response and immunosuppression. New research directions into the pathogenesis of sepsis focus not only on the mechanisms of modulation of the immune system activity, but also on the study of a wide range of pathophysiological processes associated with the development of multiple organ failure syndrome. Accordingly, there is a search for new therapeutic strategies, and with the recognition of sepsis as a heterogeneous syndrome, a transition to more personalized approaches in its treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.