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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2026-3-41-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-6600</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика антибиотикорезистентности в челюстно-лицевой хирургии в Витебской области за 2020–2024 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dynamics of Antibiotic Resistance in Maxillofacial Surgery in Vitebsk Region in 2020–2024</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8226-6405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Окулич</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okulich</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Окулич Виталий Константинович – канд. мед. наук, доцент, кафедра клинической микробиологии</p><p>210009, г. Витебск, пр. Фрунзе, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Frunze Ave., 210009 Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vokul@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0121-1139</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабанова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кабанова Арина Александровна – д-р мед. наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой ЧЛХ и хирургической стоматологии с курсом ФПК и ПК,</p><p>210009, г. Витебск, пр. Фрунзе, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Frunze Ave., 210009 Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arinakabanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погоцкий</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogotskiy</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Погоцкий Алексей Константинович – ст. преподаватель, кафедра ЧЛХ и хирургической стоматологии с курсом ФПК и ПК</p><p>210009, г. Витебск, пр. Фрунзе, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Frunze Ave., 210009 Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pogot@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никитин Даниил Дмитриевич – ст. преподаватель, кафедра ЧЛХ и хирургической стоматологии с курсом ФПК и ПК</p><p>210009, г. Витебск, пр. Фрунзе, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Frunze Ave., 210009 Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ejkoroch@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7131-4338</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>V. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титов Владислав Романович – ст. преподаватель, кафедра ЧЛХ и хирургической стоматологии с курсом ФПК и ПК</p><p>210009, г. Витебск, пр. Фрунзе, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Frunze Ave., 210009 Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladtitov27@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9777-8002</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапонько</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaponko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гапонько Наталья Викторовна – ассистент, кафедра госпитальной хирургии с курсом ФПК и ПК</p><p>210009, г. Витебск, пр. Фрунзе, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Frunze Ave., 210009 Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalya.gaponko0999@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Витебский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vitebsk State Medical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Окулич В.К., Кабанова А.А., Погоцкий А.Е., Никитин Д.Д., Титов В.Р., Гапонько Н.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Окулич В.К., Кабанова А.А., Погоцкий А.Е., Никитин Д.Д., Титов В.Р., Гапонько Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Okulich V.K., Kabanova A.A., Pogotskiy A.K., Nikitin D.D., Titov V.R., Gaponko N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/6600">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/6600</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – проанализировать динамику антибиотикорезистентности основных возбудителей инфекционно-воспалительных заболеваний челюстно-лицевой области за период с 2020 по 2024 г.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено на основании анализа микробиологических посевов пациентов стоматологического гнойного отделения на базе учреждения здравоохранения «Витебская областная клиническая больница» за период 2020–2024 гг. Методом серийных разведений и бумажных дисков, а также с использованием тест-систем Biomereux ATB Expression и BD Phoenix определяли чувствительность возбудителей к антибиотикам. Для изучения эффективности применения антибактериальных препаратов сравнивали минимальную подавляющую концентрацию (МПК90) антибиотиков для планктонных форм бактерий и бактерий в составе биопленки (БП).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У K. pneumoniae зафиксирован критический рост резистентности к карбапенемам до 50% в 2022 г., что меняет подходы при эмпирической терапии β-лактамными антибиотиками. Для грамположительных патогенов установлены следующие изменения: S. aureus продемонстрировал резкий рост резистентности к амикацину и эритромицину. Коагулазоотрицательные стафилококки характеризовались увеличением доли метициллин-резистентных штаммов до 43,64% к 2024 г. У α-гемолитических стрептококков выявлен рост резистентности к цефалоспоринам III поколения (цефотаксим: 31,58% в 2024 г.). Критически важные антибиотики сохранили эффективность: ванкомицин и линезолид показали 100%-ю активность против всех исследуемых грамположительных патогенов. Биопленкообразование является ключевым фактором антибиотикорезистентности: МПК90 антибиотиков увеличивается в 4–128 раз по сравнению с МПК90 для планктонных форм возбудителей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты указывают на необходимость пересмотра эмпирической терапии в пользу комбинаций антибиотиков с антибиопленочной активностью и усиления микробиологического мониторинга.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics of antibiotic resistance among major pathogens causing maxillofacial infections from 2020 to 2024.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was based on the analysis of microbiological cultures from patients treated in the Dental Purulent-Surgical Unit at Vitebsk Regional Clinical Hospital between 2020 and 2024. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods, as well as the Biomérieux ATB Expression and BD Phoenix test systems. To evaluate the efficacy of antibacterial agents, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) of antibiotics was compared between planktonic bacteria and those within biofilms (BF).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. K. pneumoniae exhibited a critical increase in resistance to carbapenems, reaching 50% in 2022, which alters approaches to empirical therapy with β-lactam antibiotics. The following changes were observed among Gram-positive pathogens: S. aureus showed a marked increase in resistance to amikacin and erythromycin. Coagulase-negative staphylococci showed an increase in the proportion of methicillin-resistant strains to 43.64% by 2024. An increase in resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was observed among α-hemolytic streptococci (cefotaxime: 31.58% in 2024). Vancomycin and linezolid remained fully active (100%) against all Gram-positive pathogens tested. Biofilm formation significantly increases antibiotic resistance, with MIC90 values 4to 128-fold higher than those for planktonic bacteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. These findings indicate the need to reconsider empirical therapy, favoring antibiotic combinations with anti-biofilm properties, and to enhance microbiological surveillance.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антимикробная резистентность</kwd><kwd>биопленкообразование</kwd><kwd>челюстно-лицевая хирургия</kwd><kwd>эмпирическая антибиотикотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antimicrobial resistance</kwd><kwd>biofilm formation</kwd><kwd>maxillofacial surgery</kwd><kwd>empirical antibiotic therapy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при бюджетной финансовой поддержке ГПНИ «Трансляционная медицина» (2021–2025 гг.) в рамках темы «Инновационные технологии клинической медицины»; проект «Разработать метод комплексного лечения биопленка-ассоциированных воспалительных заболеваний челюстно-лицевой области» № ГР 20240290 от 15.03.2024</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the State Research Program «Translational Medicine» (2021– 2025) under the project «Innovative Technologies in Clinical Medicine» (Registration No. 20240290 dated March 15, 2024)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Irfan M., Almotiri A., AlZeyadi Z.A. 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