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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ssmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень сибирской медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Siberian Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-0363</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1819-3684</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian State Medical University, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20538/1682-0363-2017-2-159-169</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ssmu-884</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности бронхиального воспаления у больных астмой с гиперреактивностью дыхательных путей на холодовой и осмотические триггеры</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Specific features of bronchial inflammation in asthma patients with airway hyper-responsiveness to cold and osmotic stimuli</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогов</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogov</surname><given-names>Aleksey B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент, ст. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория профилактики неспецифических заболеваний легких</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Senior Scientist, Laboratory of Prophylaxis of Nonspecific Lung Diseases</p><p>22, Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodko</surname><given-names>Anna G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, вед. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Professor, Leading Scientist, Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22, Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиновьев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinov’ev</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник, центральная научная лаборатория</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Горького, 95</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Senior Scientist, Central Science Laboratory</p><p>95, Gorki Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodin</surname><given-names>Eugen A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой химии</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Горького, 95</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Professor, Head of the Department of Biochemistry</p><p>95, Gorki Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушакова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushakova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, зав. клинико-диагностической лабораторией клиники</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Clinical Laboratory</p><p>22, Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>Galina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинико-диагностической лаборатории клиники</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Physician, Clinical Laboratory</p><p>22, Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перельман</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perelman</surname><given-names>Juliy M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, руководитель лаборатории функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22, Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jperelman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Амурская государственная медицинская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Amur State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>159</fpage><lpage>169</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., Зиновьев С.В., Бородин Е.А., Ушакова Е.В., Макарова Г.А., Перельман Ю.М., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., Зиновьев С.В., Бородин Е.А., Ушакова Е.В., Макарова Г.А., Перельман Ю.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pirogov A.B., Prikhodko A.G., Zinov’ev S.V., Borodin E.A., Ushakova E.V., Makarova G.A., Perelman J.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/884">https://bulletin.ssmu.ru/jour/article/view/884</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Поиск молекулярно-клеточных механизмов ответа дыхательных путей больных бронхиальной астмой (БА) на холодовой и осмотические стимулы обусловлен распространенностью чрезмерной реакции бронхов на сочетанное воздействие неблагоприятных факторов внешней среды.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Изучение особенностей структурно-функциональной организации гранулоцитарного cегмента воспаления бронхов во взаимосвязи с цитокиновым профилем, пероксидазной активностью крови, системным уровнем перекисного окисления липидов (ПОЛ) у больных БА с холод- и осмоиндуцированной гиперреактивностью дыхательных путей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. У 43 больных персистирующей БА, легкого частично контролируемого и неконтролируемого течения с холодовой и осмотической гиперреактивностью дыхательных путей (1-я группа) оценивали симптомы астмы, вентиляционную функцию легких; определяли уровень IL-5, IL-12 в конденсате выдыхаемого воздуха (КВВ); выявляли общее содержание миелопероксидазы (МПО) в индуцированной мокроте (ИМ); подсчитывали количество нейтрофилов и эозинофилов в мазках ИМ, на основании цитологического и цитохимического анализа препаратов рассчитывали коэффициенты активности МПО в гранулярных лейкоцитах, степени деструкции клеток и интенсивности цитолиза. В сыворотке крови исследовали содержание гидроперекисей липидов (ГПЛ), МПО. Группу сравнения (2-я группа) составили больные БА с отрицательной реакцией бронхов на холодовой и осмотические стимулы (11 человек).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В 1-й группе в сравнении со 2-й наблюдались повышение нейтрофильного пула ИМ ((35,4 ± 3,5)% и (17,2 ± 2,0)%; р = 0,014); высокая интенсивность цитолиза гранулоцитов (0,38 ± 0,02 и 0,26 ± 0,02; р = 0,013), повышенный уровень IL-12 ((2,94 ± 0,09) пг/мл и (2,53 ± 0,13) пг/мл; р = 0,024), IL-5 ((3,64 ± 0,37) пг/мл и (2,15 ± 0,14) пг/мл, р = 0,0001). Интенсивность цитолиза нейтрофилов тесно коррелировала с уровнем IL-12 (r = 0,46; р = 0,026); отмечалось двукратное увеличение концентрации МПО в ИМ ((199,7 ± 49,0) пикселей и (81,4 ± 26,2) пикселей, р = 0,039). Содержание ГПЛ в сыворотке крови было тесно связано с уровнем МПО в ИМ (r = 0,48; р = 0,039) и IL-5 в КВВ (r = 0,71; р = 0,031).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Повышение количества и ферментативной активности нейтрофилов бронхиального инфильтрата является характерной особенностью структурной организации воспаления и определяет оксидативный статус бронхов, пероксидазную активность крови, системную окислительную деградацию липидов у больных БА с холодовой и осмотической гиперреактивностью дыхательных путей. Активация гранулоцитарного сегмента бронхиального воспаления влияет на развитие и поддержание неспецифической гиперреактивности дыхательных путей за счет эскалации оксидативного стресса и персистенции воспаления. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Excessive airway reaction to combined effects of environmental factors is very common in patients with asthma. The understanding of the molecular-cellular mechanisms of this hyperresponsiveness is very important.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The aim of the work was to study granulocyte segment of bronchial inflammation in correlation with cytokine regulation and lipid peroxidation in patients with airway hyperresponsiveness to cold and osmotic stimuli.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and мethods</title><p>Materials and мethods. In 43 patients with partially controlled and uncontrolled persistent asthma with cold and osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness (group 1) asthma symptoms and lung function were assessed, the level of IL-5, IL-12 in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and the total amount of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in induced sputum (IS) were measured; the number of neutrophils and eosinophils in smears of IS was counted. Basing on cytological and cytochemical analysis of smears of IS, the activity coefficients of MPO in granular leukocytes, the degree of cell destruction and the intensity of cytolysis were calculated. The contents of lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) and MPO in the blood serum were measured. A control group (group 2) consisted of asthma patients without airway reaction to cold and osmotic stimuli (11 people).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the first group in comparison with the second one high levels of IL-12 were found (2,94 ± 0,09 vs. 2,53 ± 0,13 pg/mL; р = 0,024), IL-5 (3,64 ± 0,37 vs. 2,15 ± 0,14 pg/mL; р = 0,0001); the increase of neutrophils in IM (35,4 ± 3,5 vs. 17,2 ± 2,0%; р = 0,014); higher granulocytes cytolysis (0,38 ± 0,02 vs. 0,26 ± 0,02; р = 0,013), which correlated for neutrophils with the level of IL-12 (r = 0,46; р = 0,026); there was found out the increase of MPO concentration in IS (199,7 ± 49,0 vs. 81,4 ± 26,2 pixels; р = 0,039). The increased level of LHP in the blood serum correlated with the level of MPO in IS (r = 0,48; р = 0,039) and IL-5 in EBC (r = 0,71; р = 0,031).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Airway hyperresponsiveness to cold and osmotic stimuli in patients with asthma is characterized by the relationship between the nature of Th1 and Th2 cytokine profile, the structure of granulocyte segment of bronchial inflammation, the enzymatic function of granulocytes, MPO activity and systemic formation of suboxidized lipid peroxidation products. Activation of granulocyte segment of inflammatory pattern in patients with asthma may be considered a factor of influence on the development and maintenance of airway hyperresponsiveness due to the escalation of oxidative stress and persistent inflammation. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>гиперреактивность дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>нейтрофильные и эозинофильные лейкоциты</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>миелопероксидаза</kwd><kwd>перекисное окисление липидов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>airway hyperresponsiveness</kwd><kwd>neutrophils and eosinophils</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>myeloperoxidase</kwd><kwd>lipid peroxidation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование поддержано Российским науч- ным фондом (грант № 14-25-00019).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько А.Г., Перельман Ю.М., Колосов В.П. 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