Cytoarchitectonic features of the neocortex, archicortex and amygdala of white rats after a 20-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries
https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2019-4-7-15
Abstract
Purpose. The study is focused on glioarchitectonics of the neocortex, archicortex and amygdala of Wistar white rats in normal state and after a 20-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries.
Materials and methods. Light (stained with hematoxylin and eosin) microscopy, immunohistochemistry (GFAP), and morphometry were used to study the distribution, shape, and area of GFAP-immunopositive brain cells in the normal range (n = 5) and at days 1, 3, 7, 14, 30 (n = 25) after acute ischemia.
Results. Focal changes were found in the density of the glial network: decrease and increase in the local content of GFAP-positive material. Reactive, dystrophic and necrobiotic changes in neurons after acute ischemia were accompanied by reorganization of neuroglia and increase in the neuroglia index in certain zones by 1.2–1.5 times. The surface area of the particles in GFAP-positive astrocytes in sections of the neocortex in the control was 8.4–18.1, but after 3 days after ischemia this rate in some parts of the neocortex rose to 45.0–59.3%. In the hippocampus this rate was 8.1% and 16.2%, and in the amygdala it was 12.6% and 21.2%. Hypertrophy of mature astrocytes was manifested by the increase in the diameter, degree of branching and length of their processes.
Conclusion. The obtained data are considered as a phenomenon of ischemic preconditioning and activation of protective processes in neuro-glio-vascular microcomplexes.
About the Authors
V. A. Akulinin
Omsk State Medical University (OSMU)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
DM, Professor, Head of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology,
12, Lenin Str., Omsk, 644099
D. B. Avdeev
Omsk State Medical University (OSMU)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Life Safety and Disaster Medicine,
12, Lenin Str., Omsk, 644099
A. S. Stepanov
Omsk State Medical University (OSMU)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PostGraduate Student, Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology,
12, Lenin Str., Omsk, 644099
A. V. Gorbunova
Omsk State Medical University (OSMU)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Resident, Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy,
12, Lenin Str., Omsk, 644099
S. S. Stepanov
Omsk State Medical University (OSMU)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
DM, Senior Researcher, Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology,
12, Lenin Str., Omsk, 644099
I. G. Tsuskman
Omsk State Medical University (OSMU)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD, Assistant, Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology,
12, Lenin Str., Omsk, 644099
References
1. Wolburg H., Noell S., Mack A. et al. Brain endothelial cells and the glio-vascular complex. Cell Tissue Res. 2009; 335 (1): 75–96. DOI: 10.1007/s00441-008-0658-9.
2. Nakagawa S., Deli M.A., Kawaguchi H. et al. A new bloodbrain barrier model using primary rat brain endothelial cells, pericytes and astrocytes. Neurochem. Int. 2009; 54 (3–4): 253–263. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2008.12.002.
3. Liu S., Agalliu D., Yu C., Fisher M. The role of pericytes in blood-brain barrier function and stroke. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2012; 18 (25): 3653–3662. DOI: 10.2174/138161212802002706.
4. Stepanov A.S., Akulinin V.A., Stepanov S.S., Avdeev D.B. Cellular systems for restoration and utilization of damaged brain neurons in white rats after a 20-minute occlusion of common carotid arteries. Russian Journal of Physiology. THEM. Sechenov. 2017; 103 (10): 1135–1147 (in Russ.).
5. Zuchero J.B., Barres B.A. Glia in mammalian development and disease. Development. 2015; 142 (22): 3805–3809. DOI: 10.1242/dev.129304.
6. Droblenkov A.V., Naumov N.V., Monid M.V., Sosin V.V., Pen’kov D.S., Proshin S.N., Shabanov P.D. Reactive changes of the rat brain cell elements due to circulatory hypoxia. Medical Academic Journal. 2013; 13 (4): 19–28 (in Russ.).
7. Buresh Ya., Bureshova O., H’yuston D.P. Techniques and basic experiments on studying the brain and behavior. Moscow: Vysshaya Shkola Publ., 1991: 399 (in Russ.).
8. Paxinos G., Watson C. The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates; 5th ed. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press, 2005: 367.
9. Borovikov V. Statistica. The art of analyzing data on a computer; 2nd ed. St.-Petersburg: Piter Publ., 2003: 688 (in Russ.).
10. Yakovlev A.A., Gulyaeva N.V. Preconditioning of brain cells to pathological effects: protease involvement (review). Biochemistry. 2015; 80 (2):204–213 (in Russ.).
11. Shlyahto E.V., Barantsevich E.R., Shcherbak N.S., Galagudza M.M. Molecular mechanisms of development of cerebral tolerance to ischemia. Part 1. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. 2012; 67 (6): 42–50 (in Russ.).
12. Baillieul S., Chacaroun S., Doutreleau S. et al. Hypoxic conditioning and the central nervous system: A new therapeutic opportunity for brain and spinal cord injuries? Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood). 2017; 242 (11): 1198–1206. DOI: 10.1177/1535370217712691.
Review
For citations:
Akulinin V.A., Avdeev D.B., Stepanov A.S., Gorbunova A.V., Stepanov S.S., Tsuskman I.G. Cytoarchitectonic features of the neocortex, archicortex and amygdala of white rats after a 20-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries. Bulletin of Siberian Medicine. 2019;18(4):7-15. https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2019-4-7-15
Views:
1057
Email this article 