The role of apoptosis of enterocytes in inflammatory bowel diseases

Purpose. Study the topography of cells, expressing villin, p53, Bcl-2, and PUMA in the intestinal mucosa in the non-infectious colitis.

Materials and methods. We studied the morphology and localization of the immunoreactive markers of apoptosis in small intestine and bowel with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, using the material of 20 autopsies and 40 biopsies.

Results. In the focus of the specific inflammation in the mucosa, we discovered numerous cells, in various degrees expressing anti- and proapoptotic molecules. In the control material, the antiapoptotic factors (villin and Bcl-2) localized mainly in the enterocytes, while the proapoptotic factors (p53 and PUMA) were expressed in the cells of the lamina propria of the mucosa. The reverse correlation between the number of cells expressing p53/PUMA and the villin/Bcl-2 positive cells had been discovered. At the same time proapoptotic molecules were discovered in the enterocytes and in the cells of the lamina propria of intestinal mucosa.

Conclusion. The obtained data points to the important role of apoptosis in pathomorphogenesis of chronic non-infectious intestinal inflammation. The chronization of the process and the nature of the intestinal damage in the UC and CD are connected with balance of the regulative anti- and proapoptotic factors. The cells, expressing those factors, demonstrate the reverse number dependence.

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