Диабетический кетоацидоз и когнитивные нарушения у детей и подростков
https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2023-3-132-140
Аннотация
Цель исследования – освещение современных научных источников по вопросам формирования и клиническим проявлениям когнитивных нарушений у детей и подростков с сахарным диабетом (СД) 1-го типа после перенесенного диабетического кетоацидоза (ДКА). СД 1-го типа является одним из распространенных эндокринных заболеваний в детском и подростковом возрасте. ДКА – наиболее частое острое осложнение СД 1-го типа, который может вызывать когнитивные нарушения. Отек головного мозга при ДКА является основной причиной, приводящей к церебральной недостаточности. Механизмы формирования когнитивной дисфункции при ДКА полностью не выяснены.
Ведущими гипотезами являются: возникновение нейровоспаления, оксидативный стресс, нарушение процессов нейрогенеза и нейродегенерация. Гипоксически-ишемические нарушения и изменения в нейроанатомии головного мозга также могут являться причинами когнитивной дисфункции. Отмечено нарушение некоторых структур головного мозга после ДКА, в первую очередь белого вещества. Клинические исследования, проведенные в педиатрической популяции, подтверждают корреляцию между тяжестью и частотой ДКА и выраженностью когнитивных нарушений. Когнитивная дисфункция у детей и подростков после ДКА может проявляться в снижении внимания, нарушении памяти и исполнительной функции, а также в низком уровне IQ. Максимально ранняя диагностика когнитивных нарушений в педиатрической практике при СД 1-го типа с проявлениями ДКА может улучшить терапевтический прогноз при лечении данной эндокринопатии.
Об авторах
К. Ш. Магомедова
Степновская районная больница
Россия
Россия
Магомедова Камила Шамхаловна – врач-терапевт
357930, Ставропольский край, Степновский район, с. Степное, ул. Додонова, 52а
Ю. В. Быков
Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет (СтГМУ) ;
Детская городская клиническая больница им. Г.К. Филиппского
Россия
Россия
Быков Юрий Витальевич – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент, кафедра анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом ДПО, СтГМУ; Детская городская клиническая больница им. Г.К. Филиппского
355017, г. Ставрополь, ул. Мира, 310,
355002, г. Ставрополь, ул. Пономарева, 5
В. А. Батурин
Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет (СтГМУ)
Россия
Россия
Батурин Владимир Александрович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, кафедра клинической фармакологии с курсом ДПО
355017, г. Ставрополь, ул. Мира, 310
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Магомедова К.Ш., Быков Ю.В., Батурин В.А. Диабетический кетоацидоз и когнитивные нарушения у детей и подростков. Бюллетень сибирской медицины. 2023;22(3):132-140. https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2023-3-132-140
For citation:
Magomedova K.S., Bykov Yu.V., Baturin V.A. Diabetic ketoacidosis and cognitive impairment in children and adolescents. Bulletin of Siberian Medicine. 2023;22(3):132-140. https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2023-3-132-140
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