Липидомные маркеры ожирения и их динамика после бариатрических операций

Ожирение рассматривается как хроническое прогрессирующее заболевание, гетерогенное по своей этиологии и клиническим проявлениям, характеризующееся избыточным и отложением жировой массы в организме. Под термином «морбидное ожирение» понимают избыточное отложение жировой ткани с индексом массы тела (ИМТ) ≥ 40 кг/м² или с ИМТ ≥ 35 кг/м² при наличии серьезных осложнений, связанных с ожирением. Одновременно с ожирением возросла частота тесно ассоциированных с ним сахарного диабета второго типа и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, представляющих собой итог прогрессирования метаболических нарушений, в том числе инсулинорезистентности, которая неразрывно связана с накоплением висцерального жира и играет ключевую роль в патогенезе сопряженных с ожирением заболеваний.

Исследование липидомных сигнатур при ожирении и ассоциированных с ним состояний – перспективный раздел фундаментальной медицины, позволяющий существенно и на новом понятийном уровне стратифицировать когорту пациентов с ожирением на различные фенотипы, в том числе на метаболически здоровый и нездоровый фенотип. Динамические изменения липидома, как на фоне диетических воздействий, медикаментозного лечения, так и после различных бариатрических операций, также интересны с точки зрения разработки персонализированных стратегий лечения данного заболевания. Имеющиеся на данный момент исследования и их результаты позволяют считать, что мы находимся только в самом начале этого перспективного биомедицинского направления.

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