Analyzing serological screening of the functional state of gastric mucosa in clinical practice
https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2024-2-21-27
Abstract
Aim. To analyze the results of the GastroPanel and GastroScreen-3 tests over a 15-year follow-up and determine the incidence of autoimmune gastritis (AIG) in clinical practice and in a random sample of Novosibirsk residents.
Materials and methods. Biomarkers were analyzed in two groups: 1,742 people, average age of 50.0 ± 13.53 years (GastroPanel test, Biohit Oy, Finland), and 170 people, average age of 53.8 ± 12.89 years (GastroScreen-3 test, Vector-Best, Russia), from 2007 to 2022. The AIG incidence was calculated in current clinical practice and in a random sample of Novosibirsk residents aged 45–69 years. The PGI level of 160 µg / l was taken as the upper limit of normal, PGI of 31–50 µg / l indicated moderate atrophy, PGI < 30 µg / l and the PGI / PGII ratio ≤ 3 indicated severe gastric fundus atrophy. AIG was considered at PGI ≤ 10.1 μg / l, the PGI / PGI ratio ≤ 1.3, and gastrin-17 ≥ 42.4 pmol / l (GastroPanel) and at PGI ≤ 16.8 μg / l and the PGI / PGII ratio ≤ 1.5 (GastroScreen-3). The H. pylori IgG level > 42 EIU was considered to be positive. Antibodies to CagA protein were determined using the HelicoBest Antibody test (Vector-Best, Novosibirsk).
Results. Serological signs of severe and moderate gastric fundus atrophy were detected in 10 and 9.4% (GastroPanel test) and in 13.3 and 7% (GastroScreen-3 test) of those examined, respectively. Signs of multifocal atrophy were found in 0.7% of cases. Antibodies to H. pylori were detected in 57.7%, CagA+ strain – in 56.1% of cases. Peptic ulcer disease (PGI ≥160 µg / l) was found in 15.3% (GastroPanel test) and 10% (GastroScreen-3 test) of the examined. According to the GastroPanel and GastroScreen-3 tests, the incidence of AIG was 1.6% in a random sample and 2.6 and 3.5% in current clinical practice, respectively.
Conclusion. Twenty percent of the examined persons were at risk of developing gastric cancer and 10–15% had peptic ulcer disease, which requires further examination. The incidence of AIG in different study groups based on serological screening was 1.6–3.5%.
Keywords
Supporting agencies: The study was performed within the state assignment as part of “Study of Molecular Genetic and Molecular Biological Mechanisms of Common Internal Disease Development in Siberia to Improve Approaches to Early Diagnosis and Prevention”, 2024–2028 (FWNR-2024-0004); “Improvement of Methods for Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Patients with Common Hepatobiliary and Gastrointestinal Diseases in Siberia”, 2023–2025 (FWNR-2023-0003).
About the Authors
A. V. Belkovets
Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
Novosibirsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
175/1, B. Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk, 630089;
52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091
Competing Interests:
The authors declare the absence of obvious or potential conflict of interest related to the publication of this article
N. V. Ozhiganova
Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
175/1, B. Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk, 630089
Competing Interests:
The authors declare the absence of obvious or potential conflict of interest related to the publication of this article
M. V. Kruchinina
Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
Novosibirsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
175/1, B. Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk, 630089;
52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091
Competing Interests:
The authors declare the absence of obvious or potential conflict of interest related to the publication of this article
Ya. V. Polonskaya
Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
175/1, B. Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk, 630089
Competing Interests:
The authors declare the absence of obvious or potential conflict of interest related to the publication of this article
L. V. Shcherbakova
Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
175/1, B. Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk, 630089
Competing Interests:
The authors declare the absence of obvious or potential conflict of interest related to the publication of this article
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Review
For citations:
Belkovets A.V., Ozhiganova N.V., Kruchinina M.V., Polonskaya Ya.V., Shcherbakova L.V. Analyzing serological screening of the functional state of gastric mucosa in clinical practice. Bulletin of Siberian Medicine. 2024;23(2):21-27. https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2024-2-21-27
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