Генная онтология для геномики и биологии
https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2026-1-176-184
Аннотация
Цель исследования – рассмотреть роль генной онтологии (GO) и Консорциума GO в формировании базиса знаний для геномики, протеомики и биологии. Генная онтология позволяет систематизировать и постоянно обновляет данные о молекулярных функциях и биологических процессах, в которых участвуют гены и их продукты.
Рассмотрена структура GO, особенности иерархии терминов GO и отношения между ними, элементы каждого из терминов. Приведены особенности сервисов, обеспечивающих возможности работы исследователей с базой знаний с помощью различных способов доступа к данным GO. Помимо характеристик терминов в GO большое внимание уделяется аннотациям – утверждениям, связывающим продукт гена с конкретным термином онтологии. Процесс аннотации фиксирует действие и локализацию генного продукта с помощью терминов, предоставляя ссылку и вид доказательств.
Рассмотрены направления применения генной онтологии, связанные с анализом данных геномики и протеомики. Основные подходы, используемые исследователями, – это функциональная аннотация генов, анализ обогащения путей. Анализ больших объемов данных (например, при оценке экспрессии генов) позволяет получить знания о вовлеченности тех или иных генов и их продуктов в различные процессы в организме, извлечь биологический смысл и оценить особенности молекулярных механизмов при различных заболеваниях. Показана возрастающая роль GO в формировании новых знаний в соответствующей области.
Об авторе
Н. Ю. Часовских
Сибирский государственный медицинский университет (СибГМУ)
Россия
Россия
Часовских Наталия Юрьевна – д-р мед. наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой медицинской и биологической кибернетики
Россия, 634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Часовских Н.Ю. Генная онтология для геномики и биологии. Бюллетень сибирской медицины. 2026;25(1):176-184. https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2026-1-176-184
For citation:
Chasovskikh N.Yu. Gene ontology for genomics and biology. Bulletin of Siberian Medicine. 2026;25(1):176-184. https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2026-1-176-184
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