Метаболическая реакция клеток на изменение физико-химического состояния поверхности никелида титана, индуцированное ультрафиолетовым лазерным излучением с длиной волны 266 нм

Цель: оценка с помощью 3-[4,5-диметилтиазол-2-ил]-2,5-дифенилтетразолия бромида (МТТ) клеточной реакции in vitro на изменение физико-химического состояния (дзета-потенциала, смачиваемости, топографии) поверхности сплава на основе никелида титана (нитинола) после обработки ультрафиолетовым лазерным излучением (УФ-ЛИ) с длиной волны 266 нм.
Материалы и методы. Клеточную культуру MCF-7 инкубировали в течение 24 ч с пластинами из сплава на основе никелида титана, до и после обработки УФ-ЛИ (плотность энергии 0,1 Дж/см2). На образцах измеряли индекс шероховатости Ra (ГОСТ 2789-73) и контактный угол смачивания поверхности водой. Дзета-потенциалы поверхности подложек из нитинола и MCF-7 клеток определяли с использованием анализаторов для плоских образцов (SurPASS 3) и частиц (Litesizer DLS 500) соответственно. Метаболическую активность клеточной культуры определяли с помощью МТТ-теста, рекомендуемого ГОСТ ISO 10993-5-2023 для оценки in vitro цитотоксичности медицинских материалов и изделий. Биоинформатический in silico анализ внутриклеточных сигнальных и метаболических путей осуществляли в базе данных Wiki Pathways.
Результаты. Модификация поверхности УФ-ЛИ статистически значимо снижала токсический отклик (падение метаболической активности) MCF-7 клеток на контакт с подложкой из нитинола. Обработка УФЛИ не влияла на величину дзета-потенциала, но существенно уменьшала контактный угол смачивания водой (с 75 до 8,7°), а также повышала Ra поверхности образцов (с 71,5 до 93,9 нм). Анализ in silico с позиций механотрансдукции показал, что шероховатость и гидрофильность (гидрофобность) нитинола могут индуцировать экспрессию генов в MCF-7 клетках независимо друг от друга, а также через перекрестные молекулярные механизмы. При этом некоторые сигнальные пути (WP5504, WP3680, WP5477, WP3941, WP5046, WP2435) близки к системам, участвующим в редукции МТТ-реагента как маркера программы клеточной смерти, индуцированной метаболическим дисбалансом MCF-7 клеток.
Заключение. Обработка УФ-ЛИ способствует увеличению гидрофильности и (или) наношероховатости, но не дзета-потенциала поверхности подложек из нитинола. Это может инициировать каскад молекулярных механизмов, регулирующих клеточно-тканевые реакции на имплантируемые материалы, включая индукцию воспаления, активацию гемостаза, ангиоспазм и регенерацию кровеносного русла, а также метаболическую активность клеток-мишеней.

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