Мультимодальная магнитно-резонансная томография головного мозга в оценке реабилитационного потенциала у пациентов после перенесенного ишемического инсульта

Острые нарушения мозгового кровообращения являются важной медико-социальной проблемой как в мире, так и в Российской Федерации, что обусловлено высокими показателями заболеваемости, смертности и инвалидизации. Основу разработки инновационных подходов ускоренной реабилитации лиц после перенесенного ишемического инсульта составляет исследование нейропластичности с использованием методов современной нейровизуализации, таких как мультимодальная магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ).
Представлен обзор литературы, в котором рассматриваются диагностические возможности различных компонентов мультипараметрической МРТ, таких как функциональная МРТ, ASL-МРТ и диффузионно-тензорная МРТ, включая их потенциальные преимущества и недостатки применительно к оценке реабилитационного потенциала у пациентов после перенесенного ишемического инсульта. Показано, что данные компоненты мультипараметрической МРТ могут быть успешно использованы для изучения механизмов нейропластичности и определения ответа на терапию в ходе реабилитационных мероприятий у пациентов после ишемического инсульта. Обозначены проблемные аспекты активного внедрения мультипараметрической МРТ в широкую клиническую практику, главными из которых являются отсутствие глубоких знаний о диагностических возможностях того или иного компонента данной технологии в конкретной клинической ситуации, сложность ее использования и недостаточная емкость доказательной научной базы.

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