The use of immobilized form of benzalkonium chloride and metronidazole in the treatment of purulent wounds

The purpose of the study is to investigate the wound-healing effect of the immobilized form of benzalkonium chloride and metronidazole based on the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) or polyethylene oxide (PEO) in the treatment of an experimental purulent wound.
Materials and methods. The following compositions were studied, %. Combination 1: benzalkonium chloride – 0.02; Metronidazole – 1,0; Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) – 4,0; Purified water – up to 100,0. Combination 2: benzalkonium chloride – 0,02; Metronidazole – 1,0; Polyethylene oxide, m. 400 – 80.0; Polyethylene oxide, m. 1500 – 20,0. The experiment was performed on 180 male Wistar rats, which were divided into three statistically homogeneous groups of 60 animals in each, a purulent wound was modeled in all experimental rats using the method of P.I. Tolstykh. In the control group local treatment of the wound was performed with the help of “Levomekol” ointment, in two experimental groups, the combination was treated with 1 and 2.The course evaluation of the wound process was carried out using planimetric, microbiological and histological methods of investigation. The data were recorded and the animals were eliminated from the experiment on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, 10th and 15th days.
Results. The data of the microbiological study confirmed the high efficiency of the combinations developed by the authors in relation to standard test strains of pathogen microorganisms. As a result of the planimetric study, a significant decrease in the area of wounds in the experimental group 1 was found compared to the ontrol group, which indicates a more effective course of the healing process in experimental group 1. The same process was noted in the experimental group 2, starting from the 5th day of observation relative to the Control. The use of combinations developed by the authors in the treatment of the purulent-inflammatory process of the subcutaneous layer promotes the rapid reduction of microbial contamination of wounds compared to “Levomekol” ointment. After the histological examination, it was noted that the processes of regeneration and epithelization proceeded better in the experimental groups relative to the control.
Conclusion. The immobilized form of benzalkonium chloride and metronidazole in polyethylene oxide gel (combination 2) has the highest antimicrobial activity, in comparison with the rest of the preparations, and is statistically significant, in comparison with the control group. It also reduces the wound area and accelerates the epithelization period. At the same time, there are no significant differences between combination 1 and ointment “Levomecol” in the zones of growth retardation of microorganisms. Combination 1 shows the highest activity in the 1st day of the wound process, so it should be recommended for the treatment of purulent wounds in the first 3 days of the first phase of the wound process. Combination 2 should be recommended starting from the 3rd day of treatment, when the highest healing rate has been noted when applied in the experimental group 2.

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