МикроРНК и малые интерферирующие РНК как инструменты направленной регуляции клеточных процессов для терапии онкологических заболеваний
https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2020-1-160-171
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Аннотация
МикроРНК и малые интерферирующие РНК (миРНК) относятся к обширному классу малых некодирующих РНК и играют важную роль в регуляции экспрессии генов в клетках. Показано, что изменения в количестве или эффективности воздействия этих молекул могут сопровождать развитие различных заболеваний, включая онкологические. Это позволило рассматривать их как перспективные диагностические и прогностические маркеры, а также инструменты для направленной регуляции синтеза белков в клетке и мишени для терапии. В данном обзоре суммированы основные знания о биогенезе, распространении и механизмах воздействия микроРНК и миРНК, а также способы направленного влияния на экспрессию генов с их помощью, используемые в настоящее время. Рассмотрены возможные варианты доставки молекул в клетку in vitro и in vivo.
Ключевые слова
малые некодирующие РНК,
регуляция экспрессии генов,
направленная терапия,
онкологические заболевания.
При поддержке: Публикация подготовлена при поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда (соглашение № 19-15-00110).
Об авторах
А. В. Комина
Красноярский научный центр (КНЦ) Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (СО РАН);
Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр (НМИЦ) гематологии
Россия
Россия
канд. биол. наук, науч. сотрудник
Россия, 660036, г. Красноярск, ул. Академгородок, 50
Россия, 660036, г. Красноярск, ул. Академгородок, 15А
С. Н. Лаврентьев
Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого (КрасГМУ им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого)
Россия
аспирант
Россия, 660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1
Россия
аспирант
Россия, 660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1
Т. Г. Рукша
Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого (КрасГМУ им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого)
Россия
д-р мед. наук, профессор, проректор по научной работе
Россия, 660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1
Россия
д-р мед. наук, профессор, проректор по научной работе
Россия, 660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Комина А.В., Лаврентьев С.Н., Рукша Т.Г. МикроРНК и малые интерферирующие РНК как инструменты направленной регуляции клеточных процессов для терапии онкологических заболеваний. Бюллетень сибирской медицины. 2020;19(1):160-171. https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2020-1-160-171
For citation:
Komina A.V., Lavrentiev S.N., Ruksha T.G. MicroRNAs and small interfering RNAs as tools for the directed regulation of cellular processes for cancer therapy. Bulletin of Siberian Medicine. 2020;19(1):160-171. https://doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2020-1-160-171
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ISSN 1819-3684 (Online)
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