Features of the course of pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes and a novel coronavirus infection

Aim. To study the role of metabolic disorders in the development of perinatal complications of the novel coronavirus infection.
Materials and methods. The analysis of the course of pregnancy and childbirth in pregnant women who had a novel coronavirus infection (170) and without it (100), and their newborns (270).
Results. A novel coronavirus infection (NCI) during pregnancy leads to the development of complications: preeclampsia (p = 0.012), premature birth (p = 0.038), premature detachment of the normally located placenta (p = 0.05), fetal growth retardation (p = 0.028), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (p = 0.023), intrauterine infection (p = 0.048) and asphyxia of the newborn (p = 0.04). Gestational diabetes mellitus is 2 times more likely to accompany a moderate form of NCI, as opposed to a mild one (p = 0.001). Infection with the SARS-CoV2 virus on the background of previous GDM contributes to the development of moderate NCI (p = 0.005). Hyperglycemia in GDM after moderate NCI more often than after mild requires the appointment of insulin (p = 0.03). The combination of NCI and GDM is characterized by the development of polyhydramnios (p = 0.02), the risk of which increases in the presence of hereditary thrombophilia. The neonatal period is more often complicated by intrauterine pneumonia if the mother has a combination of NCI and GDM.
Conclusion. The risk of developing metabolic disorders and perinatal complications in pregnant women who had a novel coronavirus infection is significantly higher than in pregnant women without a novel coronavirus infection.

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