Interregional differences in IL-10 and МMP2 gene polymorphisms in groups of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma in the Russian Federation according to a multicenter study

Background. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is optic neuropathy, the etiology of which is associated with genetic and non-genetic factors. IL-10 and MMP2 SNPs are associated with POAG, but the nature of the association depends on the ethnic profile of the population. For the Russian Federation, whose population includes 190 nationalities, this issue is relevant.

Aim. To perform a multicenter comparative analysis of the IL-10 and MMP2 SNPs as potential factors for predicting the development of POAG in patients in four regions of the Russian Federation: the Novosibirsk, Leningrad, and Orenburg Regions, and the Chuvash Republic.

Materials and мethods. We examined 499 POAG patients from 4 branches of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution (main group), 530 people without visual pathology (control 1), and 100 patients with cataracts (control 2). Genotyping of IL10 (rs1800896 and rs1800872 SNPs) and MMP-2 (rs243865) was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Lytex and Syntol, Russia). The differences were considered statistically significant at the Bonferroni-corrected p < 0.05.

Results. An increase in the incidence of IL-10-1082 A was revealed in POAG patients compared to patients with cataract and healthy individuals. An increase in the incidence of IL-10 AA in both regions and a decrease in the frequency of MMP2-1306 TT were found. Similar patterns were established for interlocus IL-10 and MMP2 genotypes. The group of patients in the Leningrad Region differed the most compared to other regions, which may be due to their long-term residence together with the indigenous Finno – Ugric peoples.

Conclusion. The data obtained should be taken into account when developing additional criteria for predicting predisposition to POAG, which is important in case of POAG in the family history.

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