Constitutional and biological predictors of the risk of suicidal behavior in mental disorders

The prevention of suicidal behavior is an extremely important issue in modern psychiatry and is of high social importance due to high prevalence of this phenomenon. Despite the availability of a number of psychometric scales for assessing suicide risk, their use may be limited, since due to the mental state of patients, it is not always possible to assess the risk of suicide.

Thus, the search for potential structural and peripheral biomarkers of a suicidal behavior risk is a pressing issue in psychiatry. Existing studies are usually limited to searching for one or several markers or factors and do not take into account the integrity of the human body with its inherent complementarity of both pathogenic and sanogenic factors, including social and environmental, compensatory mechanisms, adaptation threshold, and reversible and irreversible decompensation.

To date, there is no single point of view that fully explains the genesis of suicidal behavior, and the potential biological factors vary greatly depending on the methods used. Based on data collected from recent studies examining a variety of biological markers associated with suicide, it can be confirmed that suicidal behavior in individuals with mental disorders is a complex, multifactorial, and polygenic mental state.

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