The modulating influence of a causative agent on the character of an immune reaction at lung tuberculosis is analyzed. Peculiarities of immunopathological reactions depending on the etiological version of a disease and the spectrum of bacterial resistance to antituberculous preparations are discussed with the justification of possible approaches to their correction. Main fields of research activity at the Chair of Pathophysiology of the Siberian State Medical University (Tomsk) concerning immunopathology of the tuberculosis infection are presented.

The level of intracellular apoptosis regulators (cell death antagonists (Bcl-2) and agonists (CPP-32)), proliferation antigen Ki67 in lymphocytes of biopsy materials of the mucous coat of stomach at Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric ulcer and chronic gastritis in Khakassian aboriginal population and newcomers have been studied. The lymphocyte apoptosis in peripheral blood in aboriginal population was assessed. Changes in immunological indices were revealed in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori compared to healthy donors and newcomers. These changes were characterized by the more intense apoptotic lymphocyte death compared to the number of such cells in patients with chronic gastritis and in the control group. The role of apoptosis disfunctions in the regulation of local and system immunity at Helicobacter pylori infection is discussed.

At the current stage of development of the reconstructive-plastic surgery, to remove combined soft-tissue—bone defects, a combined thoracodorsal flap is used most often. This flap includes, as a bone fragment, the lateral edge of scapula, which is supplied with blood by the arterial branch surrounding the scapula. However, our investigations of the blood supply of thoracodorsal flap from the system of thoracodorsal angiosom indicate that the inferior angle of scapula is supplied directly from the system of thoracodorsal artery. Based on the results obtained, we concluded that the inferior angle of scapula is supplied by the branch of the thoracodorsal artery, which has a length of (54.0 ± 11.8) mm and a diameter of (1.3 ± 0.3) mm and can be included in the combined thoracodorsal flap.

It was shown, that dithizone injection to rats induced zinc deficiency in blood granulocytes and Paneth cells. Phase changes of zinc content were observed in the cells. First phase (primary decrease of cytochemically detected zinc content in the cells) was a result of intravital binding of this metal to dithizone. Second one (permanent partial increase of cell zinc content) was a result of decomposition of the product of intravital reaction. Third phase (secondary decrease of cell zinc concentration) was connected with cell necrosis. Dithizone injection to animals also induced cell secretory material deficiency.

There was conducted the study of glutathione system status (the content of reduced, oxidized, protein-bound glutathione, SHgroups of proteins and glutathionperoxydase activity) and functional properties (the production of hydroxyl radical, IL-8, TNF-α and myeloperoxidase activity) of neutrophils received from people with community-acquired pneumonia. There was revealed the role of reduced and protein-bound glutathione in the regulation of myeloperoxidase activity and production of hydroxyl radical by blood neutrophils when incubating cells with glutathione synthesis blocker de novo (buthioninesulfoximine). and catalase inhibitor (3-amino-1,2,4-triazole). It was ascertained that glutathione synthesis de novo is more important than catalase activity (inhibition by 3-amino 1,2,4-triasole) to support neutrophil functional condition.

Renoprotective effect of antioxidants from group sterically hindered phenols (thiophane, dibornol) in white nondescript male rats (n = 55) subjected to influence of light intensity level 6 000 lx during 6 h was demonstrated. Course intragastric administration of thiophane limited of destructive changes in the retina, but didn’t bring to disappearance of lesion focuses. Dibornol prevented progression of local changes in the retina, contributed to decrease destruction of neurosensory cells, pigment epithelium and neurons of internal layer.

We investigated serum levels of alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2—MG) and some of its complexes, namely α2-MG-plasmin (α2-MG— Pl) and α2-MG—IgG at a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 2—3 degrees of activity (65 patients), a system lupus erythematosus (SLE) of 2-3 degrees of activity (30 patients) and 55 healthy donors as a control group. It is shown, that at SLE the total level of α2-MG is invariable, and at RA — decreases significantly in comparison with the healthy. The concentration of complexes was raised at pathology, but at RA this rising was expressed much more strongly, than at SLE. At studying of correlations of levels of α2-MG, α2-MG—Pl and α2-MG— IgG among themselves and with some several cytokines and acute phase proteins, it is shown, that there is some significant difference between normal and pathological correlative relations and allows us to suspect that at SLE, the α2-MG and its complexes participate in a pathogenesis, and at RA α2-MG becomes the major immunogenesis factor and the significant reason of disease progression.

In order to distinguish anthropometric indices significance for body fat assessment anthropometry and bioimpedanceometry were made in 620 schoolchildren. Maximal correlation with body fat was revealed for BMI (r = 0,86). Significance of BMA in overfat diagnosis was 81,5%, specifity was 94,8%. BMA should be recommended for indirect body fat assessment during prophylactic observations in adolescents.

The objective of this study is a morphological evaluation of compatibility of ventricular myocardium with the device of our original construction for restriction of heart chambers dilatation. In the experiment the device made from titanium nickelide was implanted into 8 outbred dogs with the previously induced experimental model of left ventricular aneurism. The animals were excluded from the experiment in 1, 3 and 6 months after implantation of an external restrictive elastic sac. Histological preparations of myocardium samples, which were in an immediate contact with titanium nickelide fibers were the subjects for studying of general tissue response to the presence of an implanted device. No data evidencing negative effect of an external restrictive elastic titanium nickelide sac on ventricular myocardium have been found. It means that an implanted sac has a satisfactory compatibility with biological tissues just as like as any other implant made from titanium nickelide.

Research objective: studying lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection processes in girls and women of 3 age groups living in Tofalariya (ethnic tofalars). Spectrophotometric, fluorometric and statistic methods (Student’s parametrical criterion and Fisher's coefficient) were used. It was determined that decrease of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection processes activity takes place in puberty period. We marked increase concentration of lipid peroxidation products and retinol. The elder age period is characterized by the raised intensity of peroxidation processes.

Assessment of the role of mucosal immunity in nasal polyposis recidivation was carried out. The density and the composition of inflammatory infiltrate in polyps from the patients with the primary and the recurrent nasal polyposis were researched. In nasal lavage the composition of the cells and the content of interleukin-4 and interferon-γ were estimated. It was shown that the polyposis recidivation occurs during the progression of local immune insufficiency.

The results of research show the impact of ofloxacin, para-aminosalicylic acid (PASA) and capreomycin in conjunction with the BCG vaccine strain to the cytokine-production ability of mononuclear peripheral blood leukocytes for patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis prior to specific antituberculosis therapy. The results show that ofloxacin has inducing effect on the secretion of interleukin (IL) 4 and transforming growth factor (TGF) β; PASA and capreomycin have such effect for the products of IL10 and TGFβ. This influence has a negative effect during the active development of the pathological process and during specific treatment.

Aim: to investigate the consistency of skin prick-tests results with specific IgE level and symptoms of food allergy. The criteria of food allergy in children of opisthorchiasis endemic areas were developed: symptoms of food allergy within 2 hours, skin pricktests weal size ≥1 mm and (or) specific IgE ≥0,35 kUA/l.

To study the influence of small doses of ionizing radiation on microvasculature, the skin-muscular biopsy in the lower leg region was performed in 33 liquidators or clean-up workers at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and 7 workers of a typical research nuclear reactor (RNR).A histological feature in the liquidators was the presence of the disseminated productive panvasculitis with pronounced lymphocytary infiltration of the vessel wall and sclerosis outcome in most microvasculature vessels, perivascular sclerosis. Changes in vessels of RNR workers increased with the increase а total doses from productive panvasculitis with involvement from few to most microvasculature vessels, formation of perivascular fibrosis and perivascular sclerosis. The revealed changes may be significant in the observed somatic pathology.

A comparison of degrees necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis stages in 433 biopsy specimens of patients with chronic viral hepatitis C (monoinfection and in combination with drug abuse, alcoholic disease, chronic opisthorchosis). Found that ethyl alcohol is the greatest character weights of alteration and severity of multiple sclerosis with HCV-infection. Drug abuse enhances fibrosis in the liver, but no histological activity, and only in comparison with mono-HCV infection. Opisthorchosis defines weakly expressed necroinflammatory and sclerotic changes with (by) HCV-infection.

The correlation of the 308G/A polymorphism of α TNF (tumor necrosis factor) gene and 251А/Т polymorphism of 8 IL8 (interleukin 8) gene with clinical peculiarities of the course of chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) in Siberian Tatars and Russians has been studied. Associations of these genetic markers with quantitative indices pathogenetically significant in the COLD formation (biochemical and immunological indices of blood serum and sputum) have been analyzed.

The analysis of associations of polymorphous versions of TNF and IL8 genes with biochemical and immunological indices of blood serum and sputum has revealed the presence of interethnic peculiarities in the regulation of the level of proinflammatory and protective mechanisms participating in the formation of chronic inflammation at COLD.

In the investigation it has been estimated the functional importance of gene interleukin 6 (IL6) polymorphism in progressing the chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It has been determined the analysis of polymorphism –174 C/G frequency in gene IL6 promote zone at healthy donors and patients with chronic HCV-infection who are the Caucasian representatives of Tomsk region. The genotype GG carriers definitely dominated at patients with high activity rate of inflammatory process: it shows that G allele carriership have an impact on aggravation of inflammatory process activity in the liver patients with HCV-infections. In contrast to, carriership of C/G and C/C genotypes of polymorphism –174 C/G of gene IL6 have met more often at patients with minimal and moderate degree of inflammatory process.

The purpose of this investigation is to study antioxidant activity of sterically hindered phenol — thiophane in rats with toxical hepatitis. Increase of diene and triene conjugates as well as fluorescent products in hepar tissue was revealed. Course intragastric administration of thiophane decreased significantly the content of lipid peroxidation products (diene and triene conjugates, fluorescent products) and held over the α-tocopherol content in hepar tissue.

The study of the food allergy prevalence in children of Tomsk city and rural areas with high and low opisthorchiasis level was performed. It was revealed that the food allergy prevalence in children is associated with chronic opisthorchiasis level.

To elucidate the epidemiological, clinical and immunological characteristics of infections caused by herpes viruses and opistorhisami in the etiology and pathogenesis of allergic diseases, we examined 350 residents of Tomsk. The high frequency of infection among residents of Tomsk with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, in comparison with the average for Russia in all the groups studied. The level of sensitization and the different severity of allergic reactions in the studied sample was 74%. In groups of volunteers infected with opisthorchiasis, the prevalence of allergic sensitization is higher than the group infected with herpes. The combination of allergic sensitization in herpes-infected patients is associated with the risk of recurrent course of infection, ie with the frequency and severity of clinical manifestations of the latter.

The aim of the research was comparison of clinical symptoms, respiration biomechanics indices of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. It was revealed that respiration biomechanics indices are the earliest emphysema signs of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease in the period when the structure of total lung capacity is not changed.

The paper considers the devised author’s method of pulmonary hypertension assessment in children with congenital heart diseases. 51 patients were made the test. According to the ECG data two types of reaction were noted after sildenafil intake: positive and negative. Positive reaction indicates pulmonary hypertension reversibility. This fact is the main condition for successful surgical heart disease correction.

Obesity is present in over 50% of men and 70% of women. Greater health risks development of cardio-vascular disease have been associated with the visceral obesity. Computed tomography is the reference method for intra-abdominal fat evaluation, but high cost, low availability and ionizing radiation risks prevent it from being a widely usable method. Ultrasound measurement of intra-abdominal distance between abdominal muscle and aorta, which has been shown to correlate well with computed tomography intra-abdominal fat measurements, is proposed together with other anthropometric measurements as an alternative means of predicting body fat and also confirmed as a reliable instrument for clinical and epidemiologic studies.

The calculation and analysis of data on the morphofunctional organization of periodontal ligament with different surfaces (medial, distal, buccal and palatal) at various levels of the roots of the first molars and first premolars. Shown that the biomechanical load on teeth morphology of periodontal changes throughout the root, depending on the localization of zones of compression and tension.

«Children physiology and pathology» problem committee has summed up the results of 30 years of work. The results of postgraduate and doctorate training program for the given period are presented. The modern scientific research trends were emphasized.

The article presents up-to-date literature data on the role of γδТ-cells and different NK-cells subpopulations in the immune response. Their origin, immunophenotypes, range of secreted cytokines as well as effector functions and factors having stimulating and inhibitory effect on γδТ- and NK-cells are described. Mechanisms of antibacterial action of this type of cells are analyzed.

The objective of the present publication is to show clinical case of a rare massive affection of pancreatic duct by opisthorchosis.

The 105 patients were undergone the medical observation after operations of various volume on thyroid gland. The patients were divided into 3 groups — patients without additional changes (n = 74), with nodes in residual tissue (n = 20), patients with glandular tissue after thyreoidectomy (n = 11). The amount of relapses was increasing with prolongation of postoperative period. For specification of relapsing nodules and thyroid residue spreading after thyreoidectomy the complex radiological examination is proposed.

The study included 557 patients with diffuse nodular colloidal goiter and different functional state of thyroid gland after routine surgeries. In the postoperative period was diagnosed hypothyroidism and in its presence the relapse nodulation in thyroid residue. In order to prevent the development of postoperative hypothyroidism, organopreserve surgical methods of the local cryodestruction of pathologic area thyroid gland and autotransplantation of intact thyroid tissue were suggested.

The condition of a bone fabric at 102 sick diabetes mellitus type 1 (48 men and 54 women, middle age (38,2 ± 12,2) years) is studied, also are specified influence of various factors on development osteopenic syndrome. Research methods included clinical and history of development of disease, beam, biochemical, statistical methods of processing of results. As a result of research it has been revealed that indicators of bone durability at sick of a diabetes corresponded osteopenia which was accompanied by infringement micro-arhcitecture bones in the form of decrease in relative volume trabecular bones and quantities trabecula. Osteosonographie it was accompanied by changes of markers of a bone metabolism (osteocalcin and C-trailer tilopeptid) testifying to activation of processes osteolysis at sick of a diabetes.

The potential of application of patients’ venous blood hemofiltrocytoanalysis has been presented in the article. An innovative device for blood micro-screening enables specialists to withdraw cancer cells from patients’ blood and diagnose during the very first consultation.

The marketing research has been made to find out the outlooks for commercial activities and market entry for the graphitebased adsorbent dressing. The bandage market increase is caused by the wide application, growing requirement and low price. Domestic cheap ineffective bulky dressings prevail on the market but last years the tendency to the gain in sales of innovative, expensive and effective in treatment import bandages is being observed. The new graphite-based adsorbent dressing has good market prospects in connection with the segment increase, low business competition and high demand of modern effective bandages with adsorbent, wound healing and atraumatic properties.

Peculiarities in epidemiology and clinical course of main cardiovascular diseases: arterial hypertension (AH), atherosclerotic and microvascular forms of ischemic heart disease (IHD), and their outcomes in liquidators or clean-up workers at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station have been considered based on the data of specialized cardiologic survey and prospective 25-year observation of the revealed pathology. It has been shown that the ionizing radiation in small doses under certain conditions can be considered as one of starting mechanisms of the system vascular disfunction facoring the development of AH and IHD. It has been found that their further pathogenesis and outcome in liquidators are ultimately determined by the quality and character of the primary and secondary prophylaxis aimed at the correction of the following life style and working conditions, as well as by the timely administration of pathogenic therapy.

The historical materials of the product fermented mares milk — kumis — in medicinal and recreational purposes. These data indicate that the mare is an effective nondrug capable to provide therapeutic and preventive effects for many diseases.

The paper describes the biography of Petr Mikhailovich Nagorskii, one of the founders of Russian heliobiology. The most important stages in his life: childhood, learning in seminary and medical university, work at a chair of pathological anatomy, field duty, and then return to the university and beginning of scientific research, are described. Scientific results of heliobiological research with the use of a lead chamber are described.

The number of publications devoted to the development of medicine in Siberia is increasing in the last years, but still insufficient. In this paper, the authors tried to reconstruct the biography of Platon Ivanovich Tikhov, Professor of the Tomsk Imperial University, whose results enriched the Russian and international surgical science in the field of osteoplastic operations, surgery of abdominal cavity and parenchymal organs, blood vessels and heart, anaesthetization. P.I. Tikhov was the first in Siberia, who performed the heart wound closure operation (1907).

A creative biography of Ya.S. Pekker, noted Siberian scientist, head of the Chair of Medical and Biological Cybernetics of the Siberian State Medical University (Tomsk) is presented.

Tamara Nikolayevna Bodrova (to the 65th birthday).