2006 is the 100^th anniversary of the great Russian scientist-pathophysiologist, outstanding representativeof the Tomsk school of pathophysiologists, honoured scientist of Russia, professor of the Tomsk Medical Institute Daniil Assakovich Goldberg (1906—1973). Creative biography of the scientist and main directions of his scientific activity are described in the article.

The earlier not published appearance of professor D.I. Goldberg in the meeting of graduating students of 1929 of medical faculty of the Tomsk State University which was held in Moscow in 1963.

Plastic change of hemopoietic tissue in experimental neurotic influences is under control of distant and local regulating mechanisms. Changes in compartments of erythroid and granulocitar hemopoiesis are due to specific spectrum of neuro-mediating systems. Receiving instructive information from the central nervous system is via αand β-adrenergic receptors on cell elements of hemopoiesing precursors. Manifestation of tropism of hemopoiesis to αor β-аdrenergic mechanisms is associated with nervous influence type. Existence of two different directions of plastic change of hemopoietic tissue in experimental neuroses : activation of blood system according to stressor type (conflict situation) and hemopoietic disturbances (deprivation of paradox sleep) is explained by the activity of regulation mechanisms.

The review analyses information from recent literature and results of the authors’ own investigations concerning imbalance of programmed cell death in forming chronic viral infection. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis modulation of immune cells by persistent viruses are discussed in the article.

The development of hemopoietic tissue hypoplasia and recovery of hemopoietic dynamics in addition to the direct suppressive effect of toxic agents on hemopoietic cells are mainly due to the character of hemopoietic disregulation were shown on different models of myelosuppressions (irradiation, injecting cytostatic drugs having different action mechanisms). At the same time, compensatory changes of blood system and underlying mechanisms are mainly non-specific and of the same type. Creation of reparative processes in the hemopoietic tissue is significantly by bone marrow stromal cells thanks to chemioand radioresistance of their precursors (mesenchimal stem cells).

Large-scale study of regulation and disadaptation mechanisms of blood system in hypoxia of different genesis is performed. Negative influence of encephalopathy and associated with it adrenergic system activation on hemopoiesis is shown which manifests in disturbed erythropoiesis and production of pathologic forms of erythrocytes. Participation of bone marrow mesenchimal stem cells and increased content of neural cells-precursors in central nervous system in conditions of oxygen deficiency are revealed. Failure of the given adaptation mechanisms of “deep reserve” in severe hypoxia which manifests in the development of encephalopathy and disadaptation of hemopoietic tissue is revealed.

Data of modern literature and results of own investigations concerning the role of imbalance of immune-regulatory cytokines’ system in the mechanisms of forming severe eosinophilias of blood in pathologic processes of different genesisare analyzed in the article

General patterns and peculiarities of changes in structure and function of red blood cell’s membrane during pathology of different genesis are considered in the article. Based on literature data and our own investigations one concludes concerning presence of typical molecular disturbances of erythrocyte’s membrane in different diseases. But general character of molecular modification of plasmatic membrane during pathology of different genesis is controversial. Universal mechanisms of structural and functional modification of structure and function of cells’ membrane are considered in details.

Actual issues of modern phthisiology concerning tubercular infection immune pathology and nature of immune imbalance during primary and secondary tuberculosis are considered in the article. Literature and original data which are basing mechanisms of Т-cellular deficiency development in patients with drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis are analyzed.

Hematologic disturbances in patients with solid malignant tumors, their development mechanism, value, modern pathogenetic principles of correction are considered in the article. The role of cytokines, erythropoietin, blood loss, metastasing of tumors, depressing bone marrow hemopoiesis and increased destroying erythrocytes, microcirculatory disturbances, iron exchange and vitamin B₁₂ in pathogenesis of cancer anemia and also disregulating processes in myeloid hemopoiesis which manifest in the development of neutrophil leucocytosis , eosinophylia and leukemoid reactions in patients having malignant neoplasms is described in details. Hematologic disturbances in malignant growth are frequent manifestations of paraneoplastic syndrome which is a result of system influence of the tumor on the organism. Radial and chemotherapy increase disregulating processes in this vitally important system which require improved methods of their correction.

Hormonal-metabolic profile of blood serum of rats in 5 hours, on the first and third day after hyperthermia in water medium at the temperature of 45 °С till rectal temperature rose to 43.5 °С was studied. Hypercorticosteronaemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypoglycemia, hypocholesterolemia, hypotriglyceridaemia, hyperproteinemia and increase of protein metabolites level were revealed which was the evidence of hypermetabolism syndrome development during acute period after controlled hyperthermia.

Influence of intraperitoneal and intracerebroventricular DAGO (μ-opioid agonist) on the bile secretion and composition was studied in white rats having intact and denervated liver. DAGO was demostrated to alter bile composition significantly both intraperitoneally and intracerebroventricularly and these effects were opposite. Intact liver innervation is a necessary condition for intracerebroventricular DAGO to have its effect on bile secretion.

The purpose of the presented work was the establishment of a character of modifying influence of ionizing radiation on damages of neurons of internal nuclear and ganglionic layers of a retina caused by light. The investigation revealed that changes of neurons of the internal nuclear and ganglionic layers after X-ray, light (200 lk, the 1^st, 2^nd, 7^th, 14^th, 30^th days) and combined influence have similar nature, but differ in a degree of expression and manifest by reactive and destructive changes of organelles. Associated neurons showed relative resistance to investigated influences in comparison with multi-polar neurons of ganglionic layer. Combined ionizing radiation and light cause substantial growth of number of hyper-chrome and picnotic multi-polar neurons of ganglionic layer of a retina. Synergic effect is mostly expressed on 7-th-14-th day of the experiment and results in progressing growth of the number of hyper chrome multi-polar neurons.

The model of diabetes mellitus caused by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in dose of 65 mg/kg in experiment on rats was accompanied by alternation of mitochondrial functions (hyperactivation of respiration and disconnection of oxidative phosphorilation) and lipid peroxidation in the liver. Partial restoration of mitochondrial respiration activity began on the 14^thday after streptozocin intoxication, but disconnection of oxidative phosphorilation was not removed. Silymarin in a dose of 70 mg/kg normalizes process of lipid peroxidation but does not influence on bioenergy in the liver. Therapy with amber-antitox in a dose of 50 mg/kg normalizes oxidative phosphorilation in mitochondria and suppresses lipid peroxidation in liver of rats on the 14^th day after intoxication caused by streptozocin.

The problem of studying adaptive potential of mothers who have children with cerebral paralysis is considered which may be useful for the choice of diagnosis and preventive accesses in the framework of preventive measures directed to the prevention of disturbances of personality and diseases under stress events of life. Analysis data of mechanisms’ structure of psychological defense in the age dynamics compared to control group of women having healthy children. Psychological adaptive mechanisms are differentiated which help to transform negative internal emotions into more adequate form taking into account specificity of the situation in which mothers with such children are. Mechanisms of controlling behavior are revealed which have preventive function and increase personal resources of women-mother in the situation of stress events which are associated with her child disease.

The aim of the study was develop the treatment –diagnosis algorithm in nodal diseases of the thyroid gland. Analysis of diagnosis and treatment procedures in 252 patients with nodal disease of the thyroid gland was performed. The differential diagnosis algorithm of patients’ examination which included preoperative ultrasound study (US), fine-needle aspiration biopsy, laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and also perioperative US and LDF allowed to reliably determine character of the thyroid gland lesion, its morphological type in 91.7% of cases and choose the adequate volume of surgical treatment.

The aim of the research was the investigation of prophylactic using the drug «Cycloferon». Influence of Cycloferon on acute respiratory viral infection and flu and on their clinical manifestations as well as on local immunity condition was assessed. We examined 124 children aged from 4 to 18 years. It was revealed that duration of acute respiratory viral infections as well as flu decreased and local immunity of the upper respiratory ways increased considerably in children taking Cycloferon. The abovementioned changes were observed both just after the treatment and in the follow-up period.

Results of peripheral blood analysis, performed annually during 12—14 years in 83 Chernobyl event liquidators and of the marrow which was analyzed once, at the end of abovementioned period in 23 participants are given. Changes in peripheral blood showed increased number of reticulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and decreased number of thrombocytes. Cellular structure of the marrow revealed decreased mean number of myelocytes, basophil and polychromatophil normoblasts and increased number of lymphoid and monocyte population cells. The deflections revealed in the hemopoiesis system may serve as reflection of continuing regeneration processes in the bone marrow and increased amount of somatic pathologies.

Aimed at revealing the character of modifying influence of ionizing radiation on damages of visual nerve caused by bright light, three series of the experiment were performed. Rats of the first group (n = 10) were subjected to uniform irradiation by LB-40 luminescent lamps (3500 lk, 48 hours). Rats of the second group (n = 20) were subjected to unitary total X-ray radiation in a dozes of 10 and 15 Gr, and rats of the third group ( n = 20) were subjected to combined total influence of x-ray radiation and light of abovementioned parameters with an interval of one hour. The investigation showed that changes in visual nerve after ionizing (10, 15 Gr), light and combined influences are manifested in destruction of organelles, neuro-tubes and neuro-filamentes in axial cylinders and in demyelinizing changes. Quantitative analysis showed that reactions of visual nerve caused by the influence of ionizing radiation are resulted mainly in demyelinization of eye coat and are doze dependent. Combination of investigated factors causes synergic effect which is characterized by increased number of nervous conductors with degenerative changes of axial cylinders and mielinic coats.

Functional activity of gdТ-cells in atopic dermatitis (AD) in dependence on the disease stage and concomitant pathology character was studied. We investigated 86 patients: 54 women and 32 men aged 17—50 years. AD patients revealed significant insufficiency of the cell immunity, the most marked of them being in gdТ-cells.The level of CD8aa did not differ practically but number of CD8ab-cells and NK-cells was decreased. Clinically, it manifested in continuously recurrent course of the disease with high risk of complications with joiningbacterial and viral infections.

The article is devoted to the 80-anniversary of the Associated Member of RAMS, the honoured scientist of Russia, professor of the Omsk State Medical Academy Anton Samuilovich Zinovyev (1926—2003). Main landmarks of his creative way, services of the famous scientist-pathoanatomist in scientific, paedagogical and social activity are described.