The brain was mapped on-line using fMRI technology in the process of the development of self-regulation skills. We studied the dynamics of new neural networks being created in the real and simulated biofeedback models. It was shown that immersion in a virtual story brings about the large involvement of cortical areas, which are characterized by high values of voxels in the middle-temporal, occipital and frontal regions. We discuss the qualitative characteristics of the real and the imitation game periods.

Technology brain-computer interface (BCI) allow saperson to learn how to control external devices via thevoluntary regulation of own EEG directly from the brain without the involvement in the process of nerves and muscles. At the beginning the main goal of BCI was to replace or restore motor function to people disabled by neuromuscular disorders. Currently, the task of designing the BCI increased significantly, more capturing different aspects of life a healthy person. This article discusses the theoretical, experimental and technological base of BCI development and systematized critical fields of real implementation of these technologies.

The aim of study was to assess the feasibility of motor imagery supported brain-computer interface in patients with hemiparesis. 13 patients with central paresis of the hand and 15 healthy volunteers were learning to control EEG-based interface with feedback. No differences on interface control quality were found between patients and healthy subjects. The trainings were accompanied by the desynchronization of sensorimotor rhythm. In patients with cortical damage the source of EEG-activity was dislocated.

Comparison the influence of voluntary increasing alpha power and decreasing EMG by using biofeedback (BFB) and usual self-regulation techniques (SRT) on cognitive functions and alpha activity in 27 male subjects was provided. The results show that alpha-BFB improve cognitive task performance and enhance the alpha activity in participants with low alpha frequency. SRT without feedback has no such effect.

With the purpose to study the impact of the upper frequency alpha EEG power increasing neurofeedback training (ANFT) on the cognitive performance, EEG alpha-activity and heart rate variability (HRV) 27 healthy men aged 18–34 years in pre, post and follow up one month 10 sessions ANFT time were investigated. The AFNT enhanced the fluency in cognitive performance, alpha frequency and power in upper frequency range and HRV only in participants with low baseline alpha frequency. While mock AFNT did change neither cognitive performance, nor alpha-activity, nor HRV indices. ANT reduces activation in cognitive load, and this effect persists for a month.

The article is considering psyhophysiological and psychological differential diagnostics of the identity stress subject. Psyhophysiological diagnostics using biofeedback technology is presented with software complex “BOSLAB”. Psychological diagnostics is presented in constitutional-psychotypological continuum of the personality.

We studied how the efficiency of individual alpha power stimulating training depends on the use of instructions and the presence or absence of feedback. A new method of calculating the efficiency of a single training session was suggested.

In this article we are describe an experimental research dedicated to study of psychophysiological mechanisms of self-regulation by persons of dangerous professions. The study was conducted on a group of cadets of the military university. The methodology base includes the methods of psycho-diagnostics, psychophysiological testing, and specially designed protocols of stress-testing are modeled the stress situation. There short analysis of performed experiment is given by psychophysiological research position also conducts in article.

The present paper shows the relationship of the success rate of alpha-training – learning to voluntarily increase the power of the alpha-rhythm with the help of the neurofeedback – with factors of the "Big Five" model of personality traits (NEO–FFI). It was found that most successful at the task of training were the subjects with low scores on Extraversion dimension and moderately high scores on Neuroticism dimension.

The methodical, technical and software realization of the biofeedback of expiration parameters are described. The biofeedback training method based on the breath frequency and CO2  concentration regulation is proposed. Preliminary study was conducted in the group of patients after abdominal surgical. It has been shown that the patients master their skills of CO2  concentration self-regulation. Using biofeedback for the postsurgical rehabilitation facilitates the rapid recovery of the expiration parameters.

Biofeedback in toxic encephalopathy in the late period chronic intoxication by mercury and complex toxic substances led to decrease in the EEG changes, performance improvement of the amplitude and latency evoked potentials, in vibration disease – to decrease manifestations of angiodystonia syndrome, recovery of neuromuscular conductivity. The effectiveness of biofeedback is confirmed by changes in subjective measures of the patients.

In this work the suggested method of biofeedback is one of those unique practices, which enables to find an individual approach to every patient, consider his character traits, and, in addition to this, the patient himself comes to realization of the problem, that is not so easy with personality disorders. Biofeedback therapy results not only in the change of physiological data, but also of cognitive stereotypes and behavioral patterns, which makes it possible to optimize the social, professional and interpersonal functioning of a patient.

Goal of research: analysis of the effectiveness of Biofeedback therapy is differentiated depending on the clinical forms of autonomic dysfunction. Exchange rate control efficacy of biofeedback hardware was conducted on the dynamics of clinical andl aboratory data, surveys and assessment of the functional State of the SNC using heart rate variability, vegetative resonance test, Kerdo index definition, as well as èlektrokardiografiče applications and questionnaires, characterizing the State of psychoemotional sphere (Spilbergera–Hanina, test, Luscher). Laboratory tests include a complete blood count with evaluation of Adaptive reactions of the organism. The results of the rehabilitation complex of the patients with the use of biofeedback have confirmed its effectiveness.

The Purpose – realization of the structure specialized biooperated module to generations EEG-like signal directed on personalization and reinforcement to efficiency of the treatment. In work are used methods of modeling, system technical analysis and constructing.
The conclusion: Its were designed models of the formulas of the action, which provide presenting on electrodes for stimulation modulated current by means of signal of the pulse and breathings within the range of changeable frequencies 7–13–7 Hz or 14–26–14 Hz.

The Purpose – its were developed multiparametric models and algorithms of the optimization playing training biooperated. In work are used methods of the system analysis, modeling, system technical analysis and constructing, mathematical statistics, methods of the computer analysis heart rate variability by means of sensor of the pulse and breathings.

The Conclusion: its were designed two models of strategy playing, one – with installation on avoid of the failures and the second – on achievement of the success. The algorithms of the success and efficiency were formed for period of the termination of the biooperated play.

 

Purpose: to investigate determinants of biofeedback efficacy in migraine. 50 migraine patients were included. MIDAS questionnaire, Spielberger’s and Beck’s questionnaires, Vanderbielt’s inventory, generic and migraine-specific quality of life questionnaires were used. Conclusion: biofeedback efficacy doesn’t depend on anxiety and depression scores prior to treatment, but correlate with active coping-strategies scores.

Raining influence with biofeedback on system mother fetus was investigated. The technique of biofeedback training for the pregnant women was developed, which had main objective to control of parameters of vegetative nervous system by means of breath. The technique was tested on a group of pregnant wo men on term of a gestation of 32–35 weeks. It is established: change of a functional condition of mother influences level of sympathetic regulation of a heart rhythm of a fetus.

This paper demonstrates the clinical efficacy of multiparametric biofeedback in patients aged 45 to 60 years with residual phenomena after stroke with 1 to 5 years prescription. Comparison was made according to the international scale. Patients in the control group and the main group were selected at random.
It was shown that the use of multiparametric biofeedback allows to reduce spasticity, restore body image and improve hemodynamics, increase adaptive capacity of the body, improve coordination. At the sa me time, when compared with medical therapy of spasticity, this technology is an order higher cost-effective.

The relevance of the study is connected with need to expand the arsenal of treatment methods patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study examined the efficacy of biobehavioral therapy in a comprehensive program of treatment patients with rheumatoid arthritis (medical therapy in combination with biobehavioral therapy). It has been shown when compared with the control group (isolated drug therapy) maintaining  clinical  response  in  short-term  follow-up  study  in  the  intervention  group.  Statistically    significant relationship the volitional control of the alpha rhythm of EEG (increased power of the alpha rhythm) with a reduction in pain intensity in the in neurofeedback program and positive dynamics of the main characteristics of the alpha rhythm have been drmonstrated. Inclusion in the treatment program of arthritis biobehavioral approach has reduced the dose of pain medication, so reducing aggression of pharmacotherapy.

The relation of indicators of biofeedback and the school success was studied. The relation of pulse interval, wave structure of heart rate, Sacred George's index (StGe) and progress of children is found out. Results are discussed with relations of use of computer biofeedback games for studying of psychophysiological features and predictors of school success.

In this study we selected 3 basic types of the adaptive behavior of the junior school students (n = 80) using a comparative analysis of the psychological and psycho-physiological characteristics in the course of game biofeedback. As a result of training the emotional state of the students normalized and psycho   physiological tension decreased. The ADHD and frequently ill students also got a positive outcome after training.

To organize the systematic selection and formation of risk groups regarding attention disorder, the algorithm of screening diagnostics for primary school students was developed using game biofeedback based on     heart     rate     and     time     of    response    to     suddenly    appearing    stimuli (test     "Rally").    Proposedareclassificationrules for including the subjects into the risk group, the intermediate group, and the group with satisfactory test results.

The research goal was to study neurofeedback and EMG combining training efficiency in ADHD children.To achieve the goal three groups were compared before and after training and six months later. Experimental group included ADHD children 6–9 years old. It was divided into two: group A trained thetabeta ratio and muscle tension decrease simultaneously while group B trained only theta-beta ratio decrease. Control group included healthy children. The results showed significant effect of combined EEG and EMG training for self-control improvement, anxiety and muscle tension decrease in comparison with standard EEG training.

We continue the study of students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder when using betastimulating game neurofeedback. The dynamics of segmental characteristics of the alpha rhythm and θ/β ratio for different groups of successful training. Evaluate the effectiveness of training in terms of the number of ADHD symptoms (at the beginning and end of the training).

Evaluated the efficacy of neurofeedbacktherapy to normalize the psychoemotional state of children. Trained parameters of EEG were the amplitude of alpha-rhythm, the ratio of amplitudes of alphaand theta-rhythms, sensorimotor and theta-rhythms. In the experimental group showed an increase in the trained parameters of the electroencephalogram, reduced anxiety, “feelings of inferiority” and improvement of voluntary attention. The results indicate the feasibility of neurofeedbacktherapy to optimize the psychoemotional state of children.

EEG biofeedback (so called neurofeedback) is considered as an efficacious treatment for ADHD. We propose that operant conditioning of EEG in neurofeedback training mode, aimed to mitigate inattention and low arousal in ADHD, will be accompanied by changes in EEG bands' relative power. Patients were 18 children diagnosed with ADHD. The neurofeedback protocol (“Focus/Alertness” by Peak Achievement Trainer, Neurotek, KY) used to train patients has focused attention training procedure, which according to specifications, represents wide band EEG amplitude suppression training. Quantitative EEG analysis was completed on each of 25 min long twelve sessions to determine the relative power of each of the EEG bands of interest throughout each session, and from the first session to the last session. Additional statistical analysis was performed to determine significant changes in relative power within sessions (from minute 1 to minute 25), and between sessions (from session 1 to session 12) for an individual patient. We performed analysis of relative power of Theta, Alpha, Low and High Beta, Theta/Alpha, Theta/Beta, and Theta/Low Beta and Theta/High Beta ratios. We performed also analysis between the “Focus”measure and changes in relative power of above EEG rhythms and their ratios. Additional secondary measures of patients’ post-neurofeedback outcomes were assessed using an audio-visual selective attention test (IVA + Plus) and behavioral evaluation scores from Aberrant Behavior Checklist. We found that, as expected, Theta/Low Beta and Theta/Alpha ratios decreased significantly from Session 1 to Session 12 and from minute 1 to minute 25 within sessions. The ‘Focus” measure of protocol showed high negative correlation with both Theta/Alpha and Theta/Beta ratios. The findings regarding EEG changes resulting from self-regulation training along with behavioral evaluations will help in elucidation of neural mechanisms of neurofeedback aimed to improve focused attention and alertness in ADHD.

By recording the visual and somatosensory evoked potentials were studied especially the perception of movements of athletes depending on the focus of the training process. Shown that the development of systems of perception of space and movement occurs depending on the nature of the training process. In weightlifting identified the following features: the predominance of somatosensory perception, reference system for coordination is his body, the prevalence of central vision, attention. At the same time to combat sports preponderance of visual perception, reference system for the coordination of movements are external objects, the prevalence of peripheral vision, increased ability to recognize and differentiate incentives.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the psychophysiological state of sportsmen of high qualification within one year after the course neurofeedback. These data demonstrated that high qualification sportsmen physiological effects of training persist throughout the year and depend on the ability to arbitrarily increase the power of the alpha rhythm of the brain.

Learn a special coordinating pair of motor actions in athletes engaged sport ballroom dancing, depending on gender and sportsmanship. The results suggest that beginners dominated coordination, performed individually, while the highly skilled dancers better developed coordination, carried out in pairs. Athletes average individual coordination disturbed by the emergence of sex differences build movements and coordination pair is not formed. The asymmetry of the coordination abilities manifested in the predominance of the deviation from equilibrium (to the right of men and to the left – in women). In this case, the athletes of low and medium level of skill to maintain the leading element of balance and coordination is the visual analyzer, while the skilled dancers defining role goes to the vestibular apparatus.

106 single-combat sportsmen took part in this study: 76 sportsmen with dominant activity of sympathetic part of vegetative nervous system and pronounced strain and overstrain of regulatory systems. Control group consists of 30 healthy sportsmen. Game biofeedback showed considerable advantages over methods of pedagogical correction in improving psycho-physiological parameters.

The goal of the research was a detailed characterization of the pre-shot EEG alpha activity of marksmen. It was found out that the amplitude of the spectrum of alpha activity is dependent upon the level of the sportsmen. It is discussed that the pre-short alpha is not similar with alpha rhythm in its classical definition.

The analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) of highly skilled gymnasts-women (main group – 49, control group – 39) showed the availability of cerebrum bioelectrical activity features of sportswomen connected with left hemisphere dominance, predominance of theta-rhythm power and lower reaction to eyes closing, also character of neurodynamic changes generated by neurofeedback course depended on ovarian-menstrual cycle phases.

The increasing of total heart rate spectral power and parasympathetic activity (by indexes of the variation pulsomeasuring) during neurofeedback sessions intended for electroencephalogram (EEG) power in alpha-band increasing in masters of sport, master of sport of international level (n = 26), candidates to master of sport (n = 25) and sportsmen of lower qualification (n = 23) were accompanied by different changes of structure of heart rate spectral.

The 15-days neurofeedback course was conducted with the purpose of neurodynamic and predictability assessment of mastering of arbitrary regulation skill of electroencephalographic (EEG) spectral power in alpha-band in sportsmen (n=260) and persons (n=69) occupying physical culture. The electroencephalographic parameters being predictors of neurofeedback course were defined in result of research. It was showed that different neurodynamical changes in examined groups supported training successfulness.

With the aim to identify the effects of menstrual cycle phase on the cognitive and psycho-emotional characteristics in 78 women aged 18–27 years were studied in a within-subject design Half the subjects began during their follicular phase and half began during their luteal phase (LP). The level of psycho-emotional tension was lowest, but cognitive performance efficiency is a highest in LP that is associated with the highest saliva progesterone level.

With the aim to identify the effects of menstrual cycle phase on the alpha EEG characteristics the 78 women aged 18–27 years were studied in a within-subject design Half the subjects began investigation at their follicular phase and half at their luteal phase (LP). The alpha peak frequency, alpha band width and power inalpha-2 range are highest, but power in alpha 1 and activation are lowest in LP that is associated with the highest saliva progesterone level.

The most-known model of sleep-wake regulation includes different formulae describing the kinetics of three separate processes, i.e., homeostatic, circadian, and ultradian. We tried to explain all these processes within a more parsimonious modeling framework and to use the EEG recordings of baseline night sleep for derivation of the model’s parameters and for prediction of the effects of experimental manipulations with sleep-wake regimen.

Transcription factors programmed genes of brain cells. Then proteins synthesized form long term memory. Two genes of hormone vasopressin receptor – genes of altruism / selfishnessand one oxytocin receptor gene provide social recognition, memory and behavior. Human population divided into three groups: homozygous altruists, homozygous egoists and heterozygous group containing both vasopressin genes. Behavior genes programming in the last group occurs within the first two weeks of life. Negative programming of masses of people in this group could be the cause of social disasters in the twentieth century.