Literature data are presented on the development of cryosurgery namely cryosurgery of hepatic diseases in Russia. Expe- rience of surgical diseases' clinics of the Siberian State Medical University in which issues of cryosurgery in focal and diffuse hepatic diseases are developed during last 30 years is described. Creation of original cryosurgical devices, experimental inves-tigation of super-low temperatures influence on the liver is reported, data on clinical using cryosurgical methods of treating tumors, of parasite diseases and of developing cirrhoses of the organ are given. Works of the clinics are original in the number of this problem aspects.

There was evaluated detoxication function state by the antipyrine test and glutathione dependent enzymes activity among the children with combined form of middle-degree pseudotuberculosis of sharp smooth tendency. Liver disorder was proven by the clin-ical and biochemical approaches. Our results show that it is desirable to allow detoxication biochemical processes peculiarities un-der Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection while determining disease prognosis.

Ifluence of intraperitoneal and intracerebroventricular dalargin ( and  opioid agonist) on bile secretion and composition was studied in white rats with intact and denervated liver. Dalargin was demostrated to alter bile composition significantly both intraperitoneally and intracerebroventricularly and effects were opposite. Intact liver innervation is a must for intracerebroventricular dalargin to have its effect on bile secretion.

Data which were obtained last time allow to re-comprehend ideas concerning mechanisms of cardiac rhythm regeneration and demonstrate existence of rhythm generator in the central nervous system in addition to such in the heart itself. Intracardiac generator is a life-supporting factor which supports pumping function of the heart while central nervous system is in deep inhibition status. Central generator provides adaptive reactions of the heart in natural medium. Integration of the two hierarchic levels of rhythmogenesis provides reliability and functional perfection of cardiac rhythm generation system in the organism.

Structural properties of lipid component of erythrocyte membrane of Wistar rats with methemoglobinemia were investigated after one injection of sodium nitrite and phenylhydrazin chloride in DL50 dose. It was shown that in methemoglobinemia cholesterol, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylserine levels are increased and phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidyletanolamine levels are decreased, and an increase of microviscousity of erythrocyte membrane lipid matrix was elevat-ed. The degree of the elucidated changes depends on a xenobiotic and a time of methemoglobinemia period.

Aimed at studying interrelation between left ventricular (LV) structural heterogeneity and myocardial remodeling, we exa- mined a group pf subjects having coronary artery disease (CAD) of several severity degree. Based on three-dimensional reconstruc-tion of LV and using original analysis methods of esophageal ultrasound investigation data, standard parameters of myocardial re-modeling ( mean values of wall thickness and short axis LV radius, interrelations of long and short semi-axes, camera volume, myo-cardial mass and its relation to the wall thickness) were scored. The assessment of heterogeneity in LV regions was performed with space resolution 4x4 mm using parameters which are characteristic of heterogeneity of the wall thickness and curvature degree and also, scale of constitution of connective material by connective tissue. Correlation analysis performed between data of LV remodel-ing and its structural heterogeneity revealed strong correlation events studied in the heart. It proved that the higher myocardial re-modeling degree the lower heterogeneity of LV. It means that myocardial remodeling process in the setting of advancing CAD de-velops to decreased scale of LV structural heterogeneity. It is suggested that heterogeneity in normal heart serves as structural basis for myocardial remodeling.

Causes of diagnosis mistakes in pediatry are analyzed. Clinical examples are given.

Diagnosis physicians' mistakes are inevitable which is due to peculiarities of clinical thinking associated with absence of specific symptoms and syndromes as concerns nosologic forms. Despite to introduction of high technologies, the development of early preclinical diagnosis possibilities and primary prevention of many diseases, value of traditional clinical methods of examination (questionnaires and physical examination ) not decreases but increases. To minimize physicians' mistakes and to decrease their consequences will help thorough theoretical training of the physician including knowledge of diagnosis theory, faultless mastering of traditional clinical methods of patient's examination and rational using of high diagnosis technologies.

Up-to-date information on etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, laboratory and differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention of Ixodes tick-borne borrelioses are given.

Despite exclusively high clinical efficacy of 2-agonists in bronchospasm, their regular using is associated with increased level of bronchial asthma control and the development of severe and life-threatening states which in turn is associated with increasing bronchial hyper-reactivity, development of partial tolerance, increased allergic load and masking of the disease aggravation. Deve- lopment of tolerance to 2-agonists and increasing sensibility of bronchi to bronchoconstrictive stimuli are based on specific mecha-nisms including desensitization of 2-adrenoreceptor, increasing expression of C phospholipase and mechanisms associated with gene AP variants which are not studied enough.

Research purpose: to increase the efficiency of endosurgical treatment of women with progressive tubal pregnancy. Research method: prospective analysis. Research subjects: in 75 female patients, to whom salpingotomy and salpingorrhaphy had been per-formed, tubal patency was found; in 10% - tubal patency was laboured; in 9,5% of patients there was an obstruction. In 52,9% of women, to whom salpingotomic orifice was not sutured, tubal patency was found; in 32,4% of patients tubal patency was disturbed; in 14,7% the fallopian tube was obstructed and in 17,6% of patients tubo-peritoneal fistula formed. Uterine pregnancy rate of salpingotomy and salpingorrhaphy - 34,1%, of women, to whom salpingotomic orifice was not sutured - 20,6%. Performance of endoscopic salpingotomy with suture of the defect at isthmial and ampullar location of the fetal ovum helps to increase the efficien-cy of surgical treatment of the ectopic pregnancy.

Ulcerative gastroduodenal bleedings remain the actual problem of emergency surgery because of quite frequency and high mortality. The analysis of treatment results in 782 patients was conducted. There were 239 patients with gastric ulcers, 488 patients with duodenal ulcers, 37 patients with combined ulcers and 18 patients with bleeding peptic ulcers of gastroenteranastomosis. The choice of surgical policy was based on emergency fibrogastroscopy findings. According to these findings the locality and severity of bleeding were defined using J. Forrest scale. The treatment began in intensive care with obligatory endoscopic control "by the program". Emergency operations were performed in 5,9% cases and urgent operations were performed in 16.4% cases of all patients who suffered with bleeding. There were 21,7% patients with operative treatment in remote and planned order. Postoperative mortality was 3,8%. Postoperative complications were in 12,2% patients. There were consider that the treatment of ulcerative gastroduodenal bleedings should be based on the individual active and waiting policy concluding in somatic patient's condition, duration of ulcerative anamnesis, presence of gastroduodenal bleedings in the past, ulcer location, and bleeding intensity (using J. Forrest scale) and effectiveness of conservative hemostasis.

Comparison of clinical manifestation of various forms chlamydial infection with a ultrasonic picture and cytomorphological characteristics decidua basalis in the first trimester of pregnancy was carried out. The basic clinical markers were colpitis, endocervicitis and threat of fetus wastage. At percistence the pathogene more significant changes echoscopy pictures were found. Expressed stromal edema and increase of expression of a receptor to IL-2 on a lymphocyte membrane at active chlamydial infection were found during morphological research of the decidual tissue. Stability of a population of the big granular decidual lymphocyte СD56++ at any form of urogenital chlamydiosis was revealed.

The aim of the study was to define manifestations of non-differentiate forms of connective tissue dysplasia in women of early reproductive age having small pelvis varicosis. The study results showed that patients having small pelvis varicosis revealed more often phenotype manifestations of non-differentiate forms which were seen in clinical examination. Increased level of serum sialic acids and increasing excretion of connective tissue metabolites (free oxyproline and glycosaminoglycanes) with urine were consequence of connective tissue systemic injury in these patients which is in accordance with data of non-severe dysplasia process. The study performed allowed to conclude that the small pelvis varicosis in women of early reproductive age is a manifestation of systemic injury of connective tissue.

The aim of research was comparison of prognostic importance of various indexs non-homogeneousness of processes repolari-zations of heart ventricles registered in acute and subacute periods of myocardial infarction (MI). The retrospective analysis of med-ical histories has allowed to determine dynamics of dispersion of intervals Q-T, Q-Ta and R-Tm in groups of patients with fa-vourable (n = 125) and lethal (n = 250) outcome. The best prognostic importance concerning fatal cardial events have indexs cor-rected on frequency of cardiac rhythm. Most important and independent predictor of intrahospital cardial deaths of the patients with MI is a dispersion of the corrected interval R-Tm, exceeding 80 мс1/2 in the first 6 hours after hospitalization.

Practice factor analysis, information statistical method based on K. Iberle theory (1980) are presented in the article. With the method the factors which influence on maternal mortality were scientifically proved. The factors have been ranged and the most es-sential were exposed. The data obtained may be abailable in working out measures to decrease a maternal mortality rate - an index which characterizes to a certain extent the guality of functionaling in the region health care system.

Twenty three steps down the basement of the Ipatiev house in Ekaterinburg, the steps into the chasm and the darkness, the movement into the immortality. The moral choice of the last emperor's physician, doctor Yeugeniy Sergeyevich Botkin - it is the choice of the nobleman officer, patriot and the citizen, the choice of autocratic and God-carried Russia romantic. The changes of the governments and epochs as well as of the partialities and the values are possible, but the admiration from the Russian intellectual's soul's force, with his vulnerable conscience is invariable example. The honour - to nobody, never and in spite of any difficulties - the simple and the attractive formula of the doctor's Botkin fate.

The creative biography of retired medical service colonel, doctor of medical sciences, professor of the Siberian State Medical University G.Ye. Sokolovich is presented.