Basic contemporary trends in schizophrenia studies with leading negative symptoms in the clinical picture has been presented. There were mainly overviewed the works resulted from original research as well as the papers clinical dynamics, the study of constitutional factors, adjustment as well as schizophrenia therapy with predominant negative symptoms. There was shown interdisciplinary character of the discussed problem in the plane of a biopsychosocial approach. There was demonstrated the priority of updating of clinical patterns phenomenology and schizophrenia dynamics with predominance of negative symptoms in connection with the upcoming transition to the new revision of the international classification of diseases and the need for profound studies of the influence of constitutional factors on the clinical dynamics and prognosis of the disorder in terms of patients adjustment and therapy.

The earlier pathomorphological  studies of toxic properties of peat humic acids (PHAs) at intraperitoneal injection revealed that one of the causes of lethality is the direct cardiotoxic action of PHAs. For the further study of the mechanism of cardiotoxic action, electrocardiogram was recorded and ventricular fibrillation threshold was determined in male rats after intraperitoneal injection of humic acids in knowingly lethal dose – 480 mg/kg bwt. A single  intraperitoneal injection  of PHA to rats in knowingly lethal dose caused a significant decrease of the ventricular fibrillation threshold in comparison with intact animals. It was found that the PHA injection exerted no significant effect on the heart rate in rats and change of the PQ, QT, and QTc intervals.  At the same time, the significant shortening of the QRS complex in comparison with intact animals was observed. Judging from the results obtained, the single injection of humic acids in the lethal dose induced a decrease in the electrical stability of heart, as evidenced by the drop of the ventricular fibrillation threshold. This decrease of the electrical stability of heart can be a cause of sudden cardiac death of trial rats. Disorder of the heart electrical stability is likely connected with the ionophoric action of humic acids and change of electrophysiological properties of cell membranes.

Object of research: to explore the relationship of leptin level in blood serum with markers of systemic inflammation and spontaneous production of cytokines and reactive oxygen species by blood mononuclear leukocytes at metabolic syndrome.
Material and methods. We conducted a study of 50 patients with essential hypertension stage II in conjunction with the metabolic syndrome. Along with a complete clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination adopted in specialized cardiological clinic, were determined the concentration of markers of systemic inflammation and leptin in blood serum, as well as the relative abundance of the surface markers CD4+-, CD8+-lymphocytes and CD36+-monocytes, the level of spontaneous production of proand antiinflammatory cytokines and active oxygen species by blood mononuclear leukocytes.
Results. It was found that patients with essential hypertension stage II with the MS having hyperleptinemia statistically significantly differ both as greater activity of systemic inflammation, and have a greater percentage of CD4+-lymphocytes and a higher level of spontaneous production of blood mononuclear leukocytes a number of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, MCP-1) and reactive oxygen species.

The analysis of radiologic signs of small size breast cancer in patients with fibrocystic disease has been carried out.
The conventional approach to the analysis of mammograms of these patients based on the detection of primary, secondary and indirect cancer symptoms has been found to have insufficient effect.
The relationship between mammographic findings and primary tumor size, character and concomitant disease intensity has been proved.
The data obtained allow us to arrange the diagnostic process and management of patients with breast lesions.

The logistic regression method is justified prognostic importance of psychosocial factors, along with other factors (predictors), determining the formation of psychosomatic relations and peculiarities of the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus in 203 patients with neurotic, affective and organic non-psychotic disorders, to develop a comprehensive programme for secondary prevention and rehabilitation. Group of high risk of development of DM is constituted by patients with experience of psychosocial stress, whose heightened level of glycaemia is associated with depressive and anxiety disorders.

Carbon monoxide CO, as well as nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide, make up the family of labile biological mediators termed gasotransmitters. We hypothesized that CO may be involved in the mechanisms of regulation electrical and contractile properties of smooth muscles.
The effects of carbon monoxide donor CORM II (tricarbonyldichlororuthenium(II)-dimer) on the electrical and contractile activities of smooth muscles of the guinea pig ureter were studied by the method of the double sucrose bridge. This method allows to register simultaneously the parameters of the action potential (AP) and the contraction of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), caused by an electrical stimulus.
CORM II in a concentration of 10 mmol has reduced the amplitude of contractions SMCs to (86.5 ± 9.7)% (n = 6, p < 0.05), the amplitude of the AP to (88.9 ± 4.2)% (n = 6, p < 0.05) and the duration of the plateau of the AP to (91.7 ± 6.0)% (n = 6, p < 0.05). On the background of the action of biologically active substances (phenylephrine, 10 µmol or histamine, 10 µmol), these effects of CORM II amplified. The inhibitory action of СORM II on the parameters of the contractile and electrical activities of the smooth muscles of guinea pig ureter has been decreased by blocking potassium channels in membrane of SMCs by tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) оr inhibition of soluble guanylate cyclase (ODQ [1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-l-one]). On the background of TEA (5 mmol), a donor of CO (10 mmol) caused a reduction the amplitude of contraction SMCs to (87.0 ± 10.8)% (n = 6, p < 0.05), the amplitude of the AP to (91.7 ± 6.4)% (n = 6, p < 0.05) and the duration of the plateau of the AP to (93.4 ± 7.5)% (n = 6, p < 0.05). After the pretreatment of ODQ (1 µmol) adding CORM II (10 mmol) in solution has resulted to augment of the amplitude of contraction ureteral smooth muscle strips to (90.9 ± 4.2)% (n = 6, p < 0.05), the amplitude of the AP to (97.2 ± 10.3)% (n = 6, p < 0.05) and the duration of the plateau of the AP to and (99.7 ± 10.0)% (n = 6, p < 0.05).
Thus, can be argued the inhibitory effect of carbon monoxide on the electrical and contractile activities of the guinea pig ureter SMCs is due to changes in the ionic conductivity of the membranes, above all with increasing the potassium conductance or activation of soluble guanylate cyclase.

Introduction: The leading mechanisms and causes of severe therapy resistant asthma are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to define global patterns of gene expression in adults with severe therapy-resistant asthma in dynamic during treatment period.
Methods: Performed 24-week prospective interventional study in parallel groups. Severe asthma patients was aposterior divided at therapy sensitive and resistant patients according to ATS criteria. Global transcriptome profile was characterized using the Affymetrix HuGene ST1.0 chip. Cluster analysis was performed.
Results and conclusion: According to our data several mechanisms of therapy resistance may be considered: increased levels of nitric oxide and beta2-agonists nitration, dysregulation of endogenous steroids secretion and involvement in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus. Absence of suppression of gene expression KEGG-pathway “asthma" may reflect the low efficiency or long period of anti-inflammatory therapy effect realization.

The aim of this work was the analysis of structural changes with age in the hippocampus of senescenceaccelerated OXYS rats when signs of accelerated brain aging are missing (age 14 days), developments (age 5 months), and active progresses (age 15 months). The study was performed on 15 OXYS rats and 15 Wistar rats (as a control). After dislocation, brains were dissected, fixed with 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, and serially cut in coronal sections (5μm thickness). These sections were stained with Cresyl violet and examined with a photomicroscope (Carl Zeiss Axiostar plus, Germany). The total number of hippocampal pyramidal cells in the CA1, CA3 and the dentate gyrus regions were estimated in 14-dayold, 5and 15-month-old OXYS and Wistar rats (n = 5) on the 5 slices of each brain sections. The number of neurons with chromatolysis, hyperchromatic with darkly stained cytoplasm and shrunken neurons were calculated as degenerative neurons. The pictures obtained with the program Carl Zeiss Axio Vision 8.0 with increasing 10  100, determined the average area bodies and nuclei of neurons (mkm2). The significant structural changes of neurons in the CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus regions of the hippocampus in OXYS rats at 5 month of age are revealed by light microscopy. This results indicates the early develop neurodegeneration in OXYS rats. The most pronounced morphological changes occur in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of OXYS rats and irreversible. The degenerative changes of neurons in the hippocampus increases by the age of 15 months. Morphometric analysis of the average area of bodies and the nuclei of hippocampal neurons in CA1, CA3 and the dentate gyrus regions of OXYS and Wistar rats at 14 days of age showed no significant interline differences. At 5 months of age in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of OXYS rats was determined a significantly lower average body size and nuclei of pyramidal neurons compared with Wistar rats. With age, these changes have progressed and 15-month-old OXYS rats have a significant decrease in the area bodies and nuclei in all studied regions of the hippocampus compared with Wistar rats. These results confirm the promising use OXYS rats as a model of accelerated brain.

The article presents the results of a study of the dynamics of histological changes in the guinea pigs respiratory tissues due the process of elimination after a long course of inhaled nanoparticles of magnetite. In the experimental animals lungs as a result of prolonged inhalation nanomagnetite developed an inflammatory reaction, the accumulation of Perls -positive cells. These changes were not even a month later, when the input of magnetite nanoparticles in laboratory animals.

Objective: study sesquiterpene lactones grosshemin and grossmisin lipid-lowering properties on the model of acute hyperlipidemia induced by ethanol in rats.
Materials and methods. Rats during 7 days injected into the stomach grosshemin and grossmisin in a dose 10 mg/kg or reference drug nicotinic acid in a dose 25 mg/kg. Hyperlipidemia caused by single introduction of ethanol into the stomach in a dose 5 g/kg. In blood serum of tail vein measured the triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, high density and low density lipoproteins cholesterol, also the level of free fatty acids. Calculated the ratio of high density lipoproteins cholesterol to the amount of low density lipoproteins cholesterol and the index of atherogenicity.
Results. A single dose of ethanol increased serum level of triacylglycerols in 1.9 times, free fatty acids – in 3.2 times, low density lipoproteins – on 44% in comparison with the intact animals indices. It shows the development of acute hyperlipidemia. Serum total cholesterol, high density lipoproteins cholesterol and the index of atherogenicity were not changed. Course sesquiterpene lactones grosshemin and grossmisin introduction against the background of acute hyperlipidemia was accompanied by a decrease in the serum of triacylglycerols levels respectively by 19.8% and 34.1%. Nicotinic acid lowered the content of triacylglycerols by 42.4%. Grosshemin and nicotinic acid reduced the increased level of free fatty acids in the blood serum by 60.7–67.9%. Grossmisin and nicotinic acid decreased by 14.6–17.2% of total cholesterol in the blood serum. In acute hyperlipidemia grosshemin and grossmisin reduced low density lipoproteins cholesterol by 17.6% and 20%, respectively, nicotinic acid – by 15.7%. Both of sesquiterpene lactone and nicotinic acid did not modify the content of high density lipoproteins cholesterol. When introduction grosshemin, grossmisin and nicotinic acid ratio of high density lipoproteins cholesterol to the amount of low density lipoproteins cholesterol significantly increased by 42.8%, 38,6% and 22.1% respectively.
Conclusion. Sesquiterpene lactones grosshemin and grossmisin posses hypolipidemic effect in acute experimental hyperlipidemia caused by the ethanol introduction. Lactones normalize many indices of lipid metabolism, which can be caused by different biochemical targets of these molecules. Lactones, as nicotinic acid, in the model of acute hyperlipidemia decrease in blood serum triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, and low density lipoproteins cholesterol content. Grosshemin and nicotinic acid also reduce the free fatty acids level.

Some researchers found that the development of microvascular complications (nephropathy, retinopathy) with latent autoimmune diabetes adults (LADA) occurs much earlier than in type 1 diabetes mellitus. The research devoted to the study of the spectrum and the time of development of microangiopathy in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes of adults, compared to patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Also studied immunological factors (cytokine secretion of mononuclear leukocytes) as one of the possible mechanisms of diabetic angiopathy progression. It has been shown that in LADA, as in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the development of microvascular complications (nephropathy, retinopathy) occurs much earlier than in type 1 diabetes mellitus (after a 4-year course of the disease) due to a sharp decline in the serum concentration of C peptide. Thus in patients with LADA, having microvascular complications in the supernatants of cell cultures of mononuclear leukocytes determined a significant increase in the concentrations of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, TNFα.

The results of clinical trial of various approaches in treatment the exudative forms of macular degenerations, including age-related, against chronic slow intensity inflammatory process on the extreme retinal periphery of an eye are described in represented material. There were 91 patients (105 eyes) in the research with different types of an exudative macular degeneration. The general criteria of inclusion were: age of 18–80 years old, complaints to discomfort in eyes, a spot before an eye, distortions and decrease in the central sight, ophthalmoscopic symptoms of hypostasis in the central and peripheral areas of a retina. It is analyzed the general criteria of diagnostics and treatment of the disease in the article. Considering defeat of the chorioretinal structures located near the ora serrata at persons of young and advanced age. Practical recommendations to a choice of methods of diagnostics and treatment of various clinical and morphological forms of the disease are made. Screening methods of identification of patients with the peripheral uveitis are offered. The scheme of risk calculation of development the macular pathology at persons with changes on the extreme periphery of a retina, that can be used as a method of prevention of development predictively adverse of “wet" forms of an age-related macular degeneration, by means of timely sparing treatment at patients with chronic inflammatory diseases of eyes is given.

This paper describes study of larynx microflora in patients with acute laryngtis and exacerbations of chronic laryngitis. Therapeutic algorithm based on bacteriologic examination data was developed reduce. New algorithm helps reduce sickness terms and to decrease prevalence of desease.
123 patients of age from 18 to 60 were under observation: 43 patients with acute laryngitis and 80 patients with exacerbation of chronic laryngitis. 22 patients with acute laryngitis and 58 patients with exacerbation of chronic laryngitis underwent etiotropic treatment with antibiotics. The group of comparison with acute laryngitis (21 patients) and chronic laryngitis (22 patients) received treatment according to the conventional scheme.
Bacteriologic examination of larynx mucous, clinical study and functional voice test (time of maximum vowels phonation) before and after treatment were carried out.
As a result of the research it was established that the most common causative agent of acute and chronic inflammatory larynx diseases is S. aureus as a mono culture or combined with other bacterial associations (S. аnhemolyticus, Str. viridans etc.).
After the end of antibacterial therapy we found symptoms as hoarseness, irritation, dry laryngopharynx, hyperemia and swelling of larynx mucous reduced eather in new treatment group than controlled group. Time of maximum vowels phonation (in seconds) also increased significantly.
Sickness terms after prescription of new treatment was shorter than in comparison groups: (10.9 ± 7.9) days for acute laryngitis and (12.6 ± 7.3) days for chronic laryngitis respectively. Health index was 20.8 and 19.5% respectively.

The accumulation of triacylglycerol in peripheral tissues is one of mechanisms of insulin resistance. This paper presents the investigation of the influence of aerobic and anaerobic physical exercises on triacylglycerol level in skeletal muscles and on insulin resistance in dietary-induced obese rats. It is estimated that a high-energy (HE) diet causes the accumulation of triacylglycerols in skeletal muscles that leads to high resistance to insulin. Aerobic and anaerobic physical exercises reduce the level of triacylglycerols in skeletal  muscles  and  raise  sensitivity to  insulin  in  obese  rats.  Physical  exercises  raise  the  level  of triacylglycerols in skeletal muscles in standard-diet rats that probably is the adaptation to high energy expenditure, but does not lead to high insulin resistance.

In order to evaluate the possibilities of MRI in detection of proarrhytmogenic areas of myocardium we did compare directly and quantitatively the local myocardial uptake of paramagnetics to the results of electrophysiologic study of myocardium in twenty-two patients with recent transmural myocardial infarction and frequent ventricular extrasystoles verified by ECG studies.
Topic quantitative study of myocardial electric potential has been carried out using Carto XP system (by Biosense Webster).
By analysis of the images the measurement of Index of transmurality (IT) for the contrast uptake was calculated as ratio of thickness of paramagnetic uptake to overall thickness of myocardium in a specific segment.
The the electrophysiologic and MRI data were analyzed topically as segment vs segment and the significant tendency was revealed with simultaneous grow of pro-arrhythmogenic activity and value of IT. In other words, as bigger the IT increases, as arrhythmogenic the lectrical activity becomes. The best border value of IT that provided separation of electrically normal segments from proarrhythmogenic ones was the IT = 0.3.
Therefore we conclude the contrast-enhanced MRI of myocardium deliver additional information on risk of arrhythmias, not only the detection of myocardial damage itself.

The aim of this study was assessment of cardiac sympathetic activity in patients with atrial fibrillation by planar scintigraphy with 123I-metaIodbenzilguanidine (123I-MIBG).
Material and Methods. The study included 28 (average age (57.4 ± 11.6) years) patients with suspected coronary artery disease. All patients to divide 3 groups: 13 patients (group 1) with paroxysmal AF (PAF),
6 patients (group 2) with long-standing persistent AF (LSPAF) and 10 patients with no signs of AF (group 3).
Planar imaging was performed to study initial (imaging started 20 minutes after MIBG injection 148 MBq 123I-MIBG) and delayed (imaging started 4 hours after 123I-MIBG injection). For the anterior planar 123I-MIBG images, regions of interest were constructed for the heart and upper mediastinum, and the heart-mediastinal ratio (HMR).
Results. The delayed HMR in patients with PAF and LSPAF was significantly lower compared that in patients third group (1.59 ± 0.16, 1.54 ± 0.17 and 1.82 ± 0.11 respectively, p < 0.05). The washout rate of 123I-MIBG in patients with PAF and LSPAF was significantly highest compared that in patients with no signs of AF (33.4 ± 17.5, 29 ± 11.7 and 17.2 ± 9.6 respectively, p < 0.05). In assessment of regional sympathetic activity in patients with LSPAF defect accumulation 123I-MIBG in both the early and delayed scintigrams was significantly higher compared with groups of patients with PAF and without AF.
Results of this study indicated, that the patients with atrial fibrillation has of regional LV myocardial changes, according with 123I-MIBG imaging. More sympathetic innervation abnormality was observed in patients with long-standing persistent AF.

For the treatment of calculouscholecystitis in patients with high-risk surgery in the treatment of choledocholithiasis in an effort to preserve the sphincter apparatus major duodenal papilla are encouraged to use the contact litholysis gallstones saxifragant mixture of octanoic acid – glycerol in a ratio of 1 : 1.
The possibility of dissolution of stones in experiments in vitro (n = 51) and in vivo (n = 35), confirmed the low toxicity and high efficiency of the proposed technique. In vitro experiments, for more convenient evaluation was introduced conditional coefficient (K) that reflects the time lithodialysis in minutes per 1 mg of the stone weight. In experiments in vitro: K' = 5.76 (n = 51). It is noted that in the group of stones with low mineralization using saxifragant mixture K' = 4.50 (n = 15), with an average K' = 5.76 (n = 17), high K' = 6.88 (n = 19).
In an in vivo experiment used 35 sexually mature rabbits after modeling cholelithiasischolecystitis was made through the introduction of a mixture of saxifragant rate of 0.2 ml/kg body weight once a day. Lowmineralized stones disappeared in all cases (after the double administration) medium mineralizedwhen administered for 3 days or more, the highly mineralized 4 – day of treatment. After treatment, histologically and biochemically, were found pronounced toxic effects of the drug.
The clinic is possible to impose mikroholetsistostomy under ultrasound gui dance, irrigation lumen of the gall bladder, treatment of acute inflammation, followed by solvent solubility and control of stones with ultrasound studies, or using fistuloholangiografiyu. When choledocholithiasis, especially when residual common bile duct stones in an effort to preserve the sphincter apparatus ma jor duodenal papilla, possibly through the introduction of a mixture of saxifragant hepaticocholedochus established percutaneously transhepatic under ultrasound guidance, either through drainage nazobi liarny established endoscopically through major duodenal papilla. The advantages of this method compared to peers is less toxic solvent, speed lysing effect, the efficiency of the process calculi with different composition (cholesterol and pigment). Compared with the traditional methods of trea tment of gallstone disease differs minimally invasive and thus significantly reduces the risk of intra -and postoperative complications, both local and general, and significantly shorten the treatment of patients and their stay in hospital.

Aim: to determine the possibility of radionuclide methods in the identification of "sentinel" lymph node (SLN) in larynx and laryngopharynx cancer patients.
Material and methods: 17 patients with larynx and laryngopharynx cancer were included in research. In all patients for SLN visualization nanocolloid radiopharmaceutical was injection around tumor into mucous coat with the subsequent SPECT and radioguided study.
Results: Sensitivity and specificity of SPECT and radioguided study for SLN identification were 100%. We found 22 SLN in 17 patients (from 1 to 2 per patient, on average 1.3). Most often SLN were located in the III level of a neck (lymph nodes around of carotid arteries) – 12 SLN (54.5%) and IIA level (under lower jaw lymph nodes) – 6 (27.2%). One SLN (4.5%) was localized in IV level and 3 nodes (13.6%) in VI level. In 2 patients (11.8%) metastasis in SLN were found. In these patients within 2 years cancer progressing was revealed. Fifteen patients (88.2%) had no metastatic in SLN and had no progressing of a cancer.
Conclusions: Sensitivity and specificity of SPECT and radioguided study for SLN identification are 100%. In patients with metastatic SLN radical surgery with lymph node dissection is helpful.

Current paper describes an experience of cochlear implantation in elderly. Cochlear implantation has become a widely accepted intervention in the treatment of individuals with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. Cochlear implants are now accepted as a standard of care to optimize hearing and subsequent speech development in children and adults with deafness. But cochlear implantation affects not only hearing abilities, speech perception and speech production; it also has an outstanding impact on the social life, activities and self-esteem of each patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cochlear implantation efficacy in elderly with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. There were 5 patients under our observation. Surgery was performed according to traditional posterior tympanotomy and cochleostomy for cochlear implant electrode insertion for all observed patients. The study was conducted in two stages: before speech processor’s activation and 3 months later. Pure tone free field audiometry was performed to each patient to assess the efficiency of cochlear implantation in dynamics. The aim of the study was also to evaluate quality of life in elderly with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss after unilateral cochlear implantation. Each patient underwent questioning with 36 Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). SF-36 is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. The SF-36 consists of eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section. Each scale is directly transformed into a 0-100 scale on the assumption that each question carries equal weight. The eight sections are: physical functioning; physical role functioning; emotional role functioning; vitality; emotional well-being; social role functioning; bodily pain; general health perceptions. Our results demonstrate that cochlear implantation in elderly consistently improved quality of life and enhance the efficiency of audiologic rehabilitation.

The aim of this study was to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of methods for ventilation tube patency evaluation after timpanostomy. New method of one-dimensional ultrasound middle ear sonography was developed. We studied ventilation tubes patency in 40 patients with otitis media with effusion, after timpanostomy. All patients tympanometry and one-dimensional ultrasound sonography was obtained at 4, 7th and one month after surgery. After timpanostomy in children with the otitis media with effusion, at 4 days after the surgery one-dimensional ultrasound sonography detected normal function of ventilation tubes in 75% patients. At the same time, according to tympanometry ventilation tube patency was recorded in 80% patients. On 7th  day after surgery one-dimensional ultrasound sonography detected normal function of ventilation tubes in 85% patients. According to tympanometry the 90% patients demonstrated normal ventilation tube function. One month after surgery one-dimensional ultrasound sonography detected normal function of ventilation tubes in 92.5% patients. At the same time, according to tympa nometry ventilation tube patency was recorded in 95% people. Calculation of ultrasound sonography sensitivity and specificity showed that the sensitivity of this process is 97.4%, specificity – 100%. The statistical significance of differences in ventilation tube patency assessment is not determined. Thus, we have proved one-dimensional ultrasound sonography the sensitive method for ventilation tubes patency validation. The method is simple, requires a bit of time for application, so it can be widely recommended for outpatient network.

Nanomaterials  –  materials,  whouse  structure  elements  has  proportions  doesn’t  exceed  100  nm.  In superdispersed state matter acquire new properties. In the last decade, carbon nanotubes become the most popular nanomaterials, that cause attention of representatives of various scientific field. The сarbon nanotubes offer new opportunities for biological and medical applications: imaging at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels, biosensors and electrodes based on carbon nanotubes, target delivery of various substances, radiation and photothermal therapy. The most promising of carbon nanotubes in the context of biomedical applications is their ability to penetrate the various tissues of the body and carry large doses of agents, providing diagnostic and therapeutic effects. Functionalized nanotubes are biodegradable. Other current direction of using carbon nanotubes in medicine and biology is to visualize objects on the molecular, cellular and tissue level. Associated with carbon nanotubes contrasting substances improve the visualization of cells and tissues, which can detected new patterns of development of the pathological process. Due to the vagueness of the question of biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of carbon nanotubes possibility of their practical application is hampered. Before the introduction of carbon nanotubes into practical health care is necessary to provide all the possible consequences of using nanotubes. High rates of properties and development of new nanostructures based on carbon nanotubes in the near future will lead to new advances related to the application and development of new parameters that will determine their properties and effects. In these review attention is paid to the structure, physico-chemical properties of nanotubes, their functionalization, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and all aspects of using of carbon nanotubes.

Estrogen-deficient state evolving after the removal of the uterus and blood disorders and innervation. In the present analytical review of the literature discusses the features of the structure and function of the ovaries in patients undergoing hysterectomy. Presents comparative data on preservation or removal of the fallopian tubes during a hysterectomy.

This review summarizes the results of studies on the composition of microbial communities in the airways of healthy subjects and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Modern technologies of molecular-genetic identification methods of microorganisms allow to perform a deep analysis  of  the  respiratory  microbiom.  It  is  of  considerable  interest  to  determine  the  role  of  the microbiome in the development of human diseases of the bronchopulmonary system, and to understand the impact of the microbes communities as a course of disease and the important factor for the efficacy of current therapy.

The ability of memory was investigated in 524 children, aged 4 to 7; with remote consequences of perinatal damage of the central nervous system (CNS). A weak memory ability was detected in 42% of children with dysfunctions of the general and fine motility and in 59% of children with impaired speech. Severe gestosis, anemia in pregnancy (stage II) and a delayed intrauterine fetal development were found to have a negative influence on memory shaping process.

Developed medical information system (MIS) that enables you to automate and organize the processing of clinical database in medical institutions (MIS). In a study using IIAs analyzed data of dynamic observation of patients with various types of exudative edematous macular degeneration on the background of peripheral uveitis 376 people (406 eye). For professional computer analysis of the data used in the statistical package SPSS for Windows», which enabled to evaluate the effectiveness of a new method of treatment of patients with age-related macular degeneration.