In 2005, Mikhail Andreyevich Medvedev, the honoured scientist of Russia, academician of RAMS, doctor of medical sciences, chief of normal physiology chair of the Siberian State Medical University, professor is 70. The biography of the outstanding scientist, main directions and achievements of his scientific, educational and social life are presented.

The development of obstructive theory and methods of pulmonary ventilation function studying with demonstrating of main dialectical laws: the development from simple to complicated, from the test using candle blowing out in the beginning of the XIX century to the pletismography of the body and breathing mechanics in the middle of XX century. The spiral finishes to the beginning of the XXI century by using confirmed methods to assess forced output assessment for the 1-st second and peakflowmetry. The negation of negation law is seen here. The development of obstructive theory took place in the framework of Donders’ paradigm (1853). Fundamental controversies of the paradigm have been analysed, the theory of pulmonary mechanical activity is validated which is anticipated to be a new paradigm and may and must provide the development of breathing clinical physiology to more complex breathing mechanics and to complete a new spiral by the development of delta-peakflowmetry designing.

Complex study of secretory and motor-evacuation functions of gastroduodenal complex, of adaptive capabilities of the organism in patients having duodenal ulcers in the follow-up period after various modifications of distal resection of stomach based upon Billroth-I was performed. It was revealed that after pylorus-modelling surgeries, compensatory change of secretory and motor-evacuation functions of the gastroduodenal complex takes place: decrease of acid and pepsin production, normalization of bicarbonate production and mucous sensibility of gastroduodenal complex to regulative effects, reconstruction of receptive relaxation similarity in proximal departments of the stomach during food intake, increase of peristaltic activity during food expulsion; high quality of life is achieved. The forming artificial pylorus plays the leading role in the transformation of pathogenetic and sanogenetic interelations.

Aimed at studying the influence of lithium oxybutirate on rhythmic organization of daily dynamics of Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Li⁺ contents in blood, brain and urine of rats during summer solstice, experiments on 84 male rats were performed. Cations’ content in blood, brain and urine of rats was determined on the flaming photometer of “Karl Zeiss” firm. Lithium oxybutirate slowed down rhythmic change of sodium level in blood and brain, potassium level in brain and lithium level in urine to endogenous mode. The drug promoted accumulation of sodium and lithium in brain tissue while preserving level of calcium and potassium unchanged; potassium was redistributed into peripheral tissues.

Analysis results of pathomorphism of clinical course in 174 children having Henoch–Schonlein purpura (HSP) during a 10-year period (from January 1, 1990 to December 31, 2000) are presented in the paper. Structural and metabolic abnormalities of peripheral blood erythrocytes in patients with acute-phase HSP are suggested to be characterized by modifications of lipid red cell membranes, superficial architectonics and rheologic activity of erythrocytes. This changes are caused by increased lipid oxidative processes and antioxidant activity of red corpuscles and activation of coagulation.

Aimed at studying endothelial destruction dependence on functional activity of neutrophils, 42 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) were examined before, 6 and 24 hours after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) under extracorporeal circulation. Level of active forms of oxygen (AFO) in blood neutrophiles, their receptor apparatus (CD18-, Fcg- and C3b-receptors), degranulation and desquamation expression of endothelium were estimated. Clinical course of IHD was shown to be accompanied by the stimulation of AFO production by neutrophils as well as cellular digestion ability, by depression of neutrophils receptors expression and marked endothelial destruction. After CABG, the revealed disorders aggravated, degranulation of neutrophils was noted. Interrelation between neutrophils’ AFO production and endothelial alteration was observed only 6 hours after the surgery.

Aimed at investigating pathomorphological aspects of mutual influence of bronchial asthma and gastroesophageal reflux (GER), gastrobioptates, bronchobioptates and bronchial mucus of bronchial asthma of 48 patients having GER and 55 patients not having it. Helicobacter inflammation and fundal stomach department mucous membrane atrophy (non-severe asthma) and using systemic corticosteroids (severe asthma) were shown to influence on GER forming. GER-positive patients revealed hyperproduction of dense bronchial mucus.

The influence of PbCl2 on PHA-stimulated culture of human¢s T-cells was analyzed in the investigation. The number of mitotic cells was increased in cultures with PbCl2. Increased number of cells with morphological characteristics of apoptosis was also observed in these cultures. Addition of cytochalasin B lead to intensification of cell¢s death under the influence of lead chloride.

The study aim: to investigate the dynamics of transcription factor p53, proapoptoic (bax, bcl-XS), antiapoptotic (bcl-2, bcl-XL) effectors, IL-5 expression in peripheral blood eosinophils of patients with severe therapy-resistant bronchial asthma (BA). Methods: clinical, functional, allergologic observation, the study of apoptosis effectors expression (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Material: 60 patients with severe BA. Results: low p53 expression and eosinophils apoptosis depression were revealed in therapy-resistant asthmatics. Conclusion: eosinophil apoptosis disregulation – the key mechanism of persistent inflammation of the airways in therapy-resistant BA.

Aimed at studying quality of life in bronchial asthma patients, 146 patients aged from 18 to 60 years having severe asthma were questioned using SF-36, AQLQ questionnaires. 63 patients had brittle asthma, 15 patients had fatal asthma and 18 patients had chronic asthma combined with persistent airway obstruction. Results: Brittle asthma influenced on «General Health» (31,8 ± 2,6)% and «Vitality» (30,0 ± 0,6)%; chronic asthma with persistent airway obstruction influences on «Physical Functioning» (25,83 ± 4,3)%, fatal asthma influenced on «Change Health» (45,0 ± 6,1)%, p < 0,05. Changes in mental sphere of quality of life are specific for patients having «brittle asthma», changes in physical sphere are specific for patients having chronic asthma combined with persistent airway obstruction.

Data of native and foreign authors concerning presence of several adaptive mechanisms in viruses which allow them to influence on key moments of apoptosis process are presented in the paper. Viral destructive action, intensity and efficacy of immune reactions and hence clinical manifestations of infectious process depend on virus-induced modulation of programmed cellular death. Influence of viruses on the program of apoptosis is established to be the basic one in forming viral persistence.

Based upon domestic and foreign literature data, the results of the study of possible correlations between functional status of thyroid gland and dyshormonal hyperplasia of mammary gland are given in the review.

The autors present the results of surgical treatment of 6 patients having hepatic recurrent alveolar echinococcosis. Five patients underwent re-resection of the liver (one patient underwent cryodestruction of liver stamp, another patient underwent spitting and marsupialization of the parasite with cryodestruction of parasitogenic tissue.

Results of ultrasound methods of preclinical assessment of vascular reserve development in young men with atherosclerosis risk factors (ARF) are presented in the paper.

Constriction and dilatation of brachial artery during hyperventilation and reactive hyperemia tests were studied in 142 male students aged 18–25 years with ARF and 54 male students aged 18–25 years without ARF using ultrasound of high resolution.

 Endothelial sensitivity and vascular reactivity indices were determined. Endothelial sensitivity was proved to be effective in early diagnosis of endothelial dysfunction.

Objective: to determine the presence of C. trachomatis in upper genital tract and humoral immunity an laparoscopic examination in 202 patients with different infertility factors. Chlamydial persistence in endometrial and tubal tissues was correlated with circulating IgA to C.trachomatis in peritoneal fluid in tubal factor infertility (TFI) (73.5%). IgA may be recommented additional diagnostic factor of chlamydial infection of upper genital tract in TFI.

Results of out-departments expertise revealed that medical service quality in rural areas of theTomskregion is worse than in municipal hospitals. The causes of such discrepancy is non-complete examination and wrong diagnosis. Patients’ assessment of medical service quality is highly controversial: 72% of patients noted improving of treatment results but only 42% of patients considered their treatment results to be satisfactory.

The leading factors of supplying quality of medical service in the rural health care are presence of modern diagnostic tools in rural hospitals (9.2–9.7 marks), and increasing of specialists’ quality of work (8.0–9.5 marks). In addition, medical institutions’ chiefs note the role of financial independence of the physician – in-chief (9.5 marks) and medical insurance companies experts note increasing out-departmental control (9.5 marks).

The purpose of the study – elaborating the complex immuno – correcting method for psoriasis patients, treatment in growing progressively worse phase using EHF (extreme high frequency) radiation.

103 persons with diagnosis progressing psoriasis were investigated. All patients divided into two groups. The first consisted of 73 persons treated with EHF therapy with apparatus «Stella-2» in combination with traditional therapy. The second group consisted of 30 persons treated traditionally (vitamins, calcium preparations, biostimulators, indifferent and reducing liniments).

Immune status research consisted in determination of: main classes of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG) according to Manchini, level of circulating immune complex (CIC) using the method of selective precipitation in 3% glycol, subpopulations of lymphocytes, caring CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD72 by immunofluorescent method, phagocytes activity of neutrophiles was investigated by testing with absorption of nitroblue tetrazole (NBT-test).

It was determined as a result of experiments, that EHF radiations (frequency range 4,7–5,1 mm) have a wholesome effect on immune system of psoriasis patients in progressing phase (quantitative increasing of T-lymphocytes CD3, quantitative decreasing of CIC, intensification of neutrophiles granulocyte metabolic activity).

Common individual effect of EHF radiations (frequency range 4,7–5,1 mm) in combination with traditional therapy for treating psoriasis patients has the decreasing influence on durations of progressing psoriasis phase up to 5–7 days and quantitative diminution of early relapses up to 23,3%.

A new method of preoperative conditioning of patients having pulmonary tuberculomes with catarrhal endobronchitis. The base of the method is electrical vibrational accupressure which has several influence on breathing organs. It is confirmed by the dynamics of clinical, hematologic, endoscopic, functional scintigraphic biochemical data before and after the treatment. Aimed at treating local catarrhal endobronchites, parameters ( frequency from 35 to 40 Hz, amplitude from 0.6 to 0.7 mm) are used which coincide with functional rhythm of bronchial tree and cilia of fibrillar epithelium of its mucous membranes.

Mechanisms of microcirculatory vascular bed injuries in Chernobyl NPS accident liquidators are considered in the paper. Liquidators who participated in reconstructive works on the territory of nuclear power-station were influenced by non-considered weakly penetrating β-radiation and by registered hard γ-radiation in small doses. Chronic inflammatory process in skin vessels (chronic panangiitis) which is considered to be caused by soft β-radiation predetermines peculiarities of blood vessels’ recovery which were damaged by external γ-radiation.

Historical data on the physicians who deserved love and respect of local population by selfless performing medical debt and serving to goods in boundless open spaces of the Yakutia in XVIII – the beginning of XX centuries are presented in the paper.